美国大学生数学建模大赛英文写作资料.ppt

写作要求 : 简要综述有关文献,以作为背景材料； 1. 在背景介绍和问题的提出中，应引用最相关的文献，优先选择引用的文献应包括相关研究中的经典、重要和最有说服力的文献。文献回顾至少有一二个段落。 2. 引述其他学者的研究行为时通常采用一般过去时。Chen(1992) showed (found, reported, noted, suggested, observed, pointed out) that the water boils at 100oC. Somebody reported…,but… The suggestion on…was given by …however The experiment on … was carried by … The research on… was made by … 3. 描述特定领域中最近的某种趋势，或强调表示某些最近发生的事件对现在的影响时，常用现在完成时。如： In recent years, a variety of standards have been proposed in literatures. The results made by …have shown… Recent experiments by … have suggested… The previous work on…has indicated… 提出研究问题 1.指出存在问题的方法通常有以下几种形式： （1）以前的学者尚未研究或处理不够完善的重要课题； （2）过去的研究衍生出有待探讨的新问题； （3）以前学者曾提出两个以上互不相容的理论和观点，而且必须作进一步研究，才能解决的问题； （4）过去的研究很自然可以扩展到新的题目或领域，或以前提出的方法或技术可以改善或扩展到新的应用范围。 2. 提出问题的表达方式 However, little is known about X 或 little literature is available on X However, few studies have been done on (published on) X 或 little attention has been devoted to X Although much research has been done on…,little work has been done on 或 X has been studied extensively, but little attention has been devoted to… 叙述前人的欠缺以强调自己的创新时，可以采用如下的表达： To the author’s knowledge…; There is little information available in literature about…; Until recently, there is some lack of knowledge about…; 明确研究的目的 The purpose (aim, objective) of this paper is to analyze the effect of X on Y. This paper presents( reports, describes, discusses) the results of experiments in which X is mixed with Y. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm for sorting X. In this paper, experimental results are presented to show that X. In this paper, we will argue( attempt to show) that … This paper will propose (present, evaluate, discuss) a new method for analyzing X (a theory that attempts to explain X) The primary focus of this paper is on… 交代本文写作安排 This paper is divided into five major sections as follows… Section One of this paper opens with … Section Three develops the second hypothesis on… In this paper, data and