厄尔尼诺现象英文.pptVIP

* BASICS OF EL NI?O-SOUTHERN OSCILLATION (ENSO) Ernesto R. Verceles PAGASA WHAT IS EL NI?O ? Common notions: “El Ni?o means no water in faucets and showers” “El Ni?o means no planting for the season or two” These are partially true… these are all impacts of the EL NI?O One newspaper headline: PAGASA insists El Ni?o already in RP - Despite heavy rains and typhoons (Panay News dated 13 January 2005) “El Ni?o means severe drought” WHAT IS EL NI?O (LA NI?A)? El Ni?o (La Ni?a) is a condition in the Pacific ocean and characterized by the cyclic warming (cooling) of the central and eastern equatorial Pacific (CEEP). Observed Sea Surface Temperature Analyzed Sea Surface Temperature EL NI?O LA NI?A Lower temp Lower temp Higher temp Higher temp Cooler temp Cooler temp Warmer temp Warmer temp CEEP warming CEEP cooling Monthly observation and analysis of OCEAN SURFACE during El Ni?o 1997-98 and La Ni?a 1998-99 El Nino 1997 started in March La Nina 1998 started in July Monthly observation and analysis of OCEAN DEPTH (~300 meters) during El Ni?o 1997-98 and La Ni?a 1998-99 ASIA AUSTRALIA North and South AMERICA El Nino 1997 started in March La Nina 1998 started in July MEASURING OCEAN PARAMETERS THE NI?O REGIONS ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? Sample Data for NI?O REGIONS Thus, “EL NI?O” is a condition in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean where unusual warming is occurring. (Note that the formation/development of El Ni?o is very far from the country.. ) Then, why is it affecting the philippines.. The answer lies in the atmosphere… The phenomenon is called SOUTHERN OSCILLATION… Southern Oscillation is the atmospheric component of ENSO and measured in terms of the difference in standardized pressure an