天大化工原理-英文版课件-Chapter 29-11.ppt

CHAPTER 729  Mechanical Separations 1. Diffusional operations: separate homogeneous mixtures distillation, gas absorption, extraction 2. Mechanical separations: separate heterogeneous mixtures sedimentation, filtration Application examples of mechanical separations Heterogeneous mixtures Solids from gases, Liquid drops from gases, Solids from solids, Solids from liquids Content Chapter 29 Screening(p986-991) 29.6. Filtration(p991-1017) 29.3. Gravity sedimentation process (p1035-8) 29.4 Centrifugal sedimentation process (p1045-8) Chapter 7 29.1. Drag and drag coefficient(p150-p157) 29.5. Flow through beds of solids(p157-161) 29.2. Motion of particles through fluid(p162-171) 29.7. Fluidization(p171-182) Topics in this chapter 1. Gravity(centrifugal) sedimentation process. 重力（离心）沉降过程 2. Filtration 过滤 3. Fluidization 流态化 29.1. Drag and drag coefficient (p150-p157) 1. Drag coefficients 2. Drag coefficients of typical shapes ☆ 3. Form drag and streamlining ☆ 4. Stagnation pressure 1. Drag coefficients p cos a dA Total drag = wall drag + form drag FD=τw sin a dA + p cos a dA. (2) drag coefficients Just as friction factor, drag coefficient is defined: From dimensional analysis, the drag coefficient of a smooth solid in an incompressible fluid depends upon a Reynolds number and the necessary shape factor. CD= Φ(Rep, shape factor) The Reynolds number for a particle in a fluid sphericity φs球形度 The surface-volume ratio for a sphere of diameter Dp divided by the surface-volume ratio for the particle whose nominal size is Dp . This surface-volume ratio is 6/Dp for a sphere, since Sp =πDp2 and vp=(1/6)πDp3 , Thus 2. Drag coefficients of typical shapes For a sphere When Re1 creeping flow 29.2. Motion of particles through fluid(p162-171) 1. Mechanics of particle motion 2. Equations for one-dimensional motion of particle through fluid 3. Terminal velocity 4. Drag coefficient 5. Motion of spherical particles 6. Criterion for settling regime 7. Hindered s