常见词根、词缀解释及例句.doc

P244 Prefixes by-: aside or apart from the common, secondary bypass: (especially BrE) a road that passes around a town or city rather than through the centre e.g. A new bypass around the city is being built. by-product: a substance that is produced during the process of making or destroying sth else e.g. When burnt, plastic produces dangerous by-products. by-effect: an additional effect; an unintended effect e.g. Composed?of?water?-?solubility?pressure?sensitive?rubber,?no?toxic?by-effect?. bystander: a person who sees sth that is happening but is not involved; e.g. innocent bystanders at the scene of the accident de-: down from, away defrost: to become or make sth warmer, especially food, so that it is no longer frozen. e.g. Make sure you defrost the chicken completely before cooking. decentralize: to give some of the power of a central government, organization, etc. to smaller parts or organizations around the country e.g. They have decentralized the company and made it less bureaucratic desensitize: sb/sth (to sth) to make sb/sth less aware of sth, especially a problem or sth bad, by making them become used to it eg: People are increasingly becoming desensitized to violence on television. decontaminate: to remove harmful substances from a place or thing eg: This whole process offers a sustainable and non-intrusive way to decontaminate land. dia-: through, across dialectic: the way in which two aspects of a situation affect each other eg: ...the intricate dialectic of these two contrasting concepts. diameter: a straight line going from one side of a circle or any other round object to the other side, passing through the centre eg: The dome is 42.3 metres in diameter . dialogue: conversations in a book, play, or film/movie eg: The novel has long descriptions and not much dialogue. diagnosis: ~ (of sth) the act of discovering or identifying the exact cause of an illness or a problem. eg: They are waiting for the doctors diagnosis. epi-: upon, over,