大跨径索桥覆冰型式及气动力特性研究.pdfVIP

Long-span Bridges in Ice Type And Aerodynamic Characteristics Research A Dissertation Submitted for the Degree of Master Candidate：He Yu hong Supervisor：Prof. Li Jiawu Chang’an University, Xi’an, China 摘 要 在容易形成冻雨的高原地带，以及一些寒冷气候区域修建大跨径索桥时，桥上可能 会结冰。覆冰物会改变索桥的拉索或加劲梁的截面形状，形成不稳定的气动外形，引发 桥梁的风致振动，严重威胁大跨索桥的安全。因此，对覆冰索桥抗风特性的研究非常必 要。本文的研究工作主要包括如下几项： 1.斜拉索的覆冰型式研究。查阅国内外覆冰研究的相关文献资料，了解覆冰现象的 研究现状；以哇加滩大桥为实例做结冰试验，采集、分析数据；总结出拉索三种主要的 结冰型式：A 型覆冰；B 型覆冰；C 型覆冰。 2.覆冰斜拉索的气动力特性研究。针对拉索的三种主要结冰型式，分别建立拉索结 冰后的有限元模型。采用 CFD 软件进行数值模拟，计算各种风向角下的升力系数和阻 力系数，并作出气动力系数与风向角之间的高次多项式关系曲线，将静气动力系数的 CFD 计算结果拟合成关于风向角的高次多项式。 3.覆冰主梁气动力特性的风洞试验研究。针对两种主要的主梁覆冰型式；即D 型覆 冰和 E 型覆冰，分别制作覆冰节段模型，并进行测力风洞试验和测振风洞试验，考虑三 分力系数、颤振、涡振；研究主梁覆冰型式对桥梁气动力特性的影响。 关键词：覆冰，气动力，三分力系数，数值模拟，节段模型，风洞试验，涡振，颤 振 I Abstract In the highlands of freezing rain and some cold climate area construction of long-span suspension bridge, the bridge may freeze. The ice will change bridge cable or stiffening girder cross section shape, the unsteady aerodynamic shape could cause the wind-induced vibration of bridge, which threatened the safety of long-span Bridges in, therefore, the ice bridge wind resistance characteristics of the study is very necessary. In this paper, the research work mainly includes the following items: 1. Ice forces of type research. Ice research related literature at home and abroad, make further understanding about the study of ice; Ice to wow home beach bridge as an example to test, data collection, analysis; Summed up the lasso freezes three main types: type A ice; Type B ice’s ice. 2. The ice the aerodynamic characteristics of the stay cables of the research. For freezes three main types of cable, finite element models of lasso freezes, respectively. And