植物雄蕊合生的多样性、适应意义及分类学意义初探.pdfVIP

植物分类学报 46 (4): 452–466 (2008) doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1002.2008.06184 Journal of Systematics and Evolution (formerly Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica) 植物雄蕊合生的多样性、适应意义及分类学意义初探 任明迅 ( 中国科学院武汉植物园 武汉 430074) Stamen fusion in plants: diversity, adaptive significance, and taxonomic implications Ming-Xun REN ( Wuhan Botanical Garden/Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China) Abstract Stamen fusion in plants is defined and classified in this paper. Stamen fusion includes both coales- cence and cohesion of any part of stamens or the fusion of whole stamens into one or more units. The structure formed by stamen fusion can be further fused with style and a gynostemium is always formed, such as in Aris- tolochiaceae and Stylidiaceae. Three main types of stamen fusion are identified: filament fusion, anther fusion, and fusion with both filament and anther. Stamen fusion can be found in about 70 families of seed plants and the complex distributions of these types in the different families indicate they had evolved for several times inde- pendently in angiosperms. The filament fusion is always found in primitive angiosperms with polypetalous flower, while the anther fusion and fusion with both filament and anther are usually correlated with advanced groups with sympetalous flower (long and narrow floral tube is always presented), which indicates that the different type of stamen fusion may be of adaptive significance with the floral syndrome to promote the plant’s fitness through either female or male avenues (pollen receipt or pollen dispersal). The structures and functions of the various type