果树育种历史-美国.pptVIP

Molecular linkage map obtained from ‘Algerie’ and ‘Zaozhong-6’ Transgenic ‘SunUp’-Hawaii (CP/CP) Transgenic ‘Rainbow’-Hawaii (CP/-) Transgenic ‘Khaknuan’ Thailand Tolerant ‘Thapra 2’ Thailand Papaya Resistant to PRSV (D. Gonsalves) Conclusions Our fruits are legacies of Neolithic and Bronze Age farmers Persistence of farmer-selected cultivars due to unique quality factors making them difficult to replace Deficiencies made up by cultural techniques and genetic changes Future Advances: Search for specific mutations (parthenocarpy and seedlessness, breakdown of dioecy, loss of compatibility, high sugar, loss of astringency) Use of interspecific crosses to create new fruits (Citrus, Prunus, Rubus) Selection of underexploited germplasm (pitaya) Induction of seedlessness Transfer of genetic resistance to diseases and pests Increased use of biotechnology(marker assisted selection, new traits, early flowering) Emphasis on consumer satisfaction This is the Uruk Vase, made over 5000 years ago, from the biblical city of Erech (near Basra) in present day Iraq. It was one of the treasures missing from the Bagdad Museum that has recently been restored. In a wedding feast an attendant offers a basket of fruit to the Goddess Inana (later known as Ishtar). Horticulture becomes part of religious practice. Spineless Mutation Del Monte Gold Mandarin Citrus Nucellar Embryony Color Sports in Grapefruit Interspecific Hybridization in Citrus (Grapefruit) (Mandarin) (Orange) Page Minneola Tangelo × Tangerine × Grapefruit Murcott × Tangor Tangerine × Orange Strategies for Breeding Seedless Citrus Ploidy Manipulation (French system) Exploit Nonreduction in diploidsChomosome counts or flow cytometryExploit Small seeds with embryo rescue Diploid × Tetraploid crosses Protoplast FusionProduce haploids by irradiated pollenx+2x somatic hybridization and embryo regeneration Regeneration of triploid endosperm Induce Sterility by Irradiation (Israeli system) Achievements at CIRAD/INRA of trip