华北土石山区砾石覆盖对土壤溅蚀的影响 - 中国水土保持科学.pdf

第13卷摇 第5期 中 国 水 土 保 持 科 学 Vol.13摇 No.5 摇 2015年10月 Science of Soil and Water Conservation Oct.2015 华北土石山区砾石覆盖对土壤溅蚀的影响 王葆,马俊明,程金花 ,于心怡,戴矜君,吕佩忆,韩晓亮覮 (北京林业大学水土保持学院,100083,北京) 摘要:为探讨降雨强度和砾石覆盖度与土壤溅蚀的关系,通过野外人工模拟降雨,采用自主设计的圆形溅蚀板定量 研究不同砾石覆盖度(0、5%、10%、15%、20%)、不同降雨强度(40、80 和120mm/ h)对土壤溅蚀量的影响。 结果表 明:在相同的砾石覆盖度下,溅蚀量与降雨强度成线性正相关;在相同降雨强度下,溅蚀量随砾石覆盖度的增加呈 指数递减趋势;随着降雨强度的增大,土壤溅蚀量受砾石覆盖度影响的程度减小;土壤溅蚀量随溅蚀距离的增加先 增大后减小;土粒飞溅距离与降雨强度呈正相关;砾石覆盖对抑制溅蚀具有重要影响。 关键词:土壤溅蚀;降雨强度;砾石覆盖度;华北土石山区 中图分类号:S157郾1 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1672鄄3007(2015)05鄄0093鄄06 Effects of gravel coverage on splash erosion in the mountainous region of northern China Wang Bao,Ma Junming,Cheng Jinhua,Yu Xinyi,Dai Jinjun,Lyu Peiyi,Han Xiaoliang (School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,100083,Beijing,China) Abstract:To explore the relationship between rainfall intensity, gravel coverage and splash erosion amount,we analyzedthe effect of different gravel coverages (0,5%,10%,15%,20%)onthe splash erosion under differentrainfall intensities (40mm/ h,80mm/ h and 120mm/ h)through artificialrainfall simulation andusingaself鄄maderoundsplashplate. Theresultsshowedthatatthesamegravelcoverage, splash erosion amount had a linearly positive correlation with rainfall intensity. Under the same rainfall intensity,splash erosion amount exponentially decreasing with gravel coverage. With the increase of rainfall intensity,the amount of soil splash erosion affected by the gravel coverage would decrease. Soil splash erosion increased first with the increase of splash erosion distance and then decreased. The distance of splashed soil particles was positively correlated to ra