生物传感器的主要原理及应用(英文).ppt

* The first is much too broad http://www.gentronix.co.uk/images/newscientist.jpg * Can also be to detect a single group of analytes www.imec.be/ovinter/static_research/BioHome.shtml /images/0409/HTS1_lrg.jpg * * Cellulose pads can be impregnated with enzyme and reagents. /e/report/biosensor2004_e.html * BIOSENSOR (General principles and applications)? Jayanti Tokas, PhD1; Rubina Begum PhD1; Shalini Jain, PhD2 and Hariom Yadav, PhD2* 1Department of Biotechnology, JMIT, Radaur, India; 2NIDDK, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Email: yadavhariom@ What is a Biosensor? “Biosensor” – Any device that uses specific biochemical reactions to detect chemical compounds in biological samples. Current Definition A sensor that integrates a biological element with a physiochemical transducer to produce an electronic signal proportional to a single analyte which is then conveyed to a detector. Components of a Biosensor Detector Father of the Biosensor Professor Leland C Clark Jnr 1918–2005 1916 First report on immobilization of proteins : adsorption of invertase on activated charcoal 1922 First glass pH electrode 1956 Clark published his definitive paper on the oxygen electrode. 1962 First description of a biosensor: an amperometric enzyme electrodre for glucose (Clark) 1969 Guilbault and Montalvo – First potentiometric biosensor:urease immobilized on an ammonia electrode to detect urea 1970 Bergveld – ion selective Field Effect Transistor (ISFET) 1975 Lubbers and Opitz described a fibre-optic sensor with immobilised indicator to measure carbon dioxide or oxygen. History of Biosensors 1975 First commercial biosensor ( Yellow springs Instruments glucose biosensor) 1975 First microbe based biosensor, First immunosensor 1976 First bedside artificial pancreas (Miles) 1980 First fibre optic pH sensor for in vivo blood gases (Peterson) 1982 First fibre optic-based biosensor for glucose 1983 First