第三讲 引言段写作策略.ppt

引言段写作策略 背景+论题+各方观点和理由+作者论点和理由 事例+论题+各方观点（和理由）+作者观点和理由 问题+论题+各方观点（和理由）+作者论点和理由 引语+论题+各方观点（和理由）+作者论点和理由 1 提纲挈领法 2 实例展开法 3 引经据典法 4 背景知识法 5 排比反问法 6 比较对比法 7 定义限定法 1 提纲挈领法 对全文的要点做一个概括（最常见、最安全）。首先对中心论题做一番评价，接着简要举出要论证的分论点。 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Businesses should do anything they can to make a profit. Use specific reasons and examples to support your position. 参考一： After I get my degree, I plan to start a business. My goal is to make money, a lot of money. However, I can’t forget that there are more important things in life than earning a profit. I must consider the people I work with, the customers I serve, and the community I live in. 参考二： People attend colleges or universities for a lot of different reasons. I believe that the three most common reasons are to prepare for a career, to have new experiences, and to increase their knowledge of themselves and the world around them. 实例展开法 先举一个具体例子，再指出此例所代表的中心论题。（由窄到宽） “If your friend has some money, do you think he or she should buy a car or go travelling?” One cold winter night, I woke up and found my son lying next to me with a temperature of 40 degrees. I carried my son in my arms and rushed downstairs to find a taxi, but could not find one. Along the street I caught sight of my next-door neighbor’s car. Gratefully, I asked him to take us to the hospital. My son was saved in time because of my neighbor’s car. If you do not have such experience you can never know how important a car can be. 引经据典法 主要句型： 1、As a proverb says, … 2、As a famous saying goes, … 3、As 人名，身份， said, “…”. e.g. As Newton，a great scientist , said, “…”. 人 名 身 份 引经据典法 用名人名言开头 并非所有的 知识都可以通过书本获得 “experience is the best teacher” is an old cliché，but I agree with it. The most important and sometimes the hardest lessons we learn in life come from our participation in different situations. You can’t learn everything from a book. 背景知识法 把论题放在具体的背景中加以限制，在此基础上表明自己的立场，然后在展开讨论。 首先背景介绍，然后陈列观点 排比反问法 用几个排比反问句