美国文化英语演讲American History.ppt

18th Century The Naturalization Act of 1790---the first naturalization law in the United States , which restricted naturalization to free white persons of good moral character . In 1795 this was increased to five years residence and three years after notice of intent to apply for citizenship. In 1798,again to 14 years residence and five years notice of intent. 19th Century In 1868,the Fourteenth Amendment was passed, protects children born in the United States. In 1870, the law was broadened to allow African Americans to be naturalized, Asian immigrants were excluded from naturalization but not from living in the United States. In 1882,Congress passed the Chinese Exclusion Act, which specifically limited further Chinese immigration. Why we are limited? poor health lack of education lunatics infectious disease carriers 20th Century 1960s The Immigration and Nationality Act Amendments of 1965 (the Hart-Cellar Act) abolished the system of national-origin quotas. 1980s The 1980 Refugee Act—Established policies for refugees redefining refugee according to United Nations norms. In 1986, the Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) was passed, creating for the first time penalties for employers who knowingly hired illegal immigrants. 1990s The U.S. Commission on Immigration Reform, led by former Rep. Barbra Jordan, ran from 1990 to 1997. 21st century 2000..2009 actuals The terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001 affected perspectives on many issues, including immigration. The attack exposed long-standing holes in the U.S. immigration system that included failures at visa processing, internal enforcement, and information sharing. In 2006 the issue of immigration reform was once again discussed in Congress. The net result of Congressional discussions and compromises is that immigrant visa limits set by Congress currently (2009) remain at 700,000 for the total categories of employment, family preference, family immediate, and then there are additional provisio