美国电子媒体的发展.ppt

The Electronic Media Television in the 1990s By the late 1990s,TV affected (a)leisure (b)political behavior (c)encouraged consumerism (d)paradoxically both fostered and eroded traditional values (e)created new celebrities By 1997,there were 220 million TV sets in the U.S. Americans spent one-quarter of their lives watching TV. American households had at least one set turned on for seven hours each day. For most Americans,TV was their primary source of both entertainment and news. Radio Radio broadcast station:AM about 5000,FM about 5000,short wave 18. Radios:575 million(1998) Perhaps the most meaningful way we can organize radio stations is according to their formats. Station formats are important because they give a station a distinctive personality and attract a certain kind of audience that advertisers find desirable. There are three basic categories of radio formats: music:is the largest category and includes many subdivisions. news/talk:is becoming more and more popular on AM band and accounts for 15% of all radio listening time. ethnic different formats appeal to different audience music:oldies and current soft rock hits news/talk:appeal primarily to a male audience in the 25-to 54-year-old age category ethnic:aim for special audiences that are defined mainly by race and nationality Maturity of TV and its effect The 1950s are known as the golden age of TV,a period marked by growth and innovation By the 1960s,TV had come of age and become just another part of everyday life. The following three events were evidence of the maturity of TV in the first half of the 1960s: a:The Kennedy-Nixon debates were telecast to an audience of 65 million in 1960 b:NBC and CBS expanded their nightly newscasts to thirty minutes three years later c:TV coverage of the assassination and funeral of President John F.Kennedy demonstrated the highest degree of professionalism in TV journalism One of TV's most noticeable effects was on leisure. In th