翻硕复习第十一讲 转句译法与合句译法.ppt

第十一讲 转句译法与合并译法 When I reached the age of twelve I left the school for ever and got my first fulltime job, as a grocer’s boy. I spent my days carrying heavy loads, but I enjoyed it. It was only my capacity for hard work that saved me from early dismissal, for I could never stomach speaking to my “betters” with the deference my employer thought I should assume. 我从十二岁那年起就永远离开了学校，并且找到了一份专职工作。最初是在一家食品杂货店里当伙计。我整天扛沉重的货物，不过干得倒也挺带劲。要不是能干重活，我早就给辞退了。因为老板要我毕恭毕敬地跟那些“上等人”说话，这样干，我实在受不了。 But the limit was reached on Tuesday my half holiday. On my way home on that day I used to carry a large basket of provisions to the home of my employer’s sister-in-law. As her house was on my way home I never objected to this. 但是，有一个礼拜二——是我歇半天班的假日——事情发展到令我难以忍受的地步。每逢礼拜二回家的时候，我经常替老板捎一大篮子吃的东西，给他的嫂子送去。因为顺路，我也从没说过不乐意。 On this particular Tuesday, however, just as we were putting the shutters up, a load of smoked hams was delivered at the shop. “Wait a minute,” said the boss, and he opened the load and took out a ham, which he started to bone and string up. 可是，就在这礼拜二，我们正关店门（上门板）的当儿，一批熏火腿送到店里。“等一会儿！”老板说道，说罢便打开火腿包，拿出一只，开始剔骨头，然后用绳子绑起来。 教学步骤： 一、转句译法 二、合句译法 三、语篇翻译练习 转句译法（Division/Expansion) 英语和汉语中常有一些短小精悍、含义丰富的单词或词组，在句中充当各种句子成分。在翻译中有时很难将此类单词或词组照旧译出，因此需对其进行转译，将其译成汉语或英语的一个句子。 转句的意思就是转成句子。即在翻译时把原文中的一个单词或短语转成一个句子，也叫“分译”或“拆译”，意思就是把单词或短语分开或拆开来翻译。 Division/Expansion refers to the process of dividing a sentence into two or more ones by picking up those words or phrases which “are hard nuts to crack” and expanding them into clauses or sentences. 冯庆华教授 (2001:92) 把分译法划分成“转句译法”和“断句译法”,认为二者都是把原文较长的句子拆开来说,不同之处在于前者指把原文中的一个词组或词语拉出来翻译成独立的句子,后者指把原文中的从句拉出来翻译成独立的句子。 郭著章、李庆生 (1996:93-96)认为分译法主要用于长句的翻译,长句的翻译是分译法的主要内容,但分译法也应该包括某些词语意义的分译。 郭著章、李庆生 (1996:95-96) 认为“所谓一长句可分译成几句中的句子的含义是什么呢? 此处所谓的句子不在于结尾处用句号,而在于有无主谓结构而。一般说来,含有一个主谓结构的语言部分就是一个句子。” Ⅰ.把单词译成句子 1. Unreasonably, she had expected that someone might solve the problem for her. 她期待着有人能帮她解决问题，这是没有道理的。 2. Henry tried