英美概况考试资料.docx

Celts?orKelts?were an?ethno-linguistic?group of?tribalsocieties in?Iron Age?and?Medieval?Europe?who spoke?Celtic languages?and had a similar culture.Gaelic?is an adjective that means pertaining to the?Gaels, including language and culture. As a noun, it may refer to the group of languages spoken by the Gaels, or to any one of the languages individually.The?Angles?is a modern?English?term for aGermanic people?who took their name from the ancestral cultural region of?Angeln, a district located in?Schleswig-Holstein,?Germany. The Angles were one of the main groups that settled in?Britain?in the?post-Roman?period, founding several of the?kingdoms?of?Anglo-Saxon England, and their name is the root of the name England.The?Saxons?(Latin:?Saxones,?Old English:?Seaxe,Old Saxon:?Sahson,?Low German:?Sassen) were aconfederation?of?Germanic tribes?on the?North German plain, who during the?Middle Ages?migrated to the?British Isles?and formed part of theAnglo-Saxons.Beowulf??/?be?.?w?lf/; in?Old English?[?be?o?w?lf]?or[?be??w?lf]) is the conventional title[note 1]?of anOld English?heroic?epic poem?consisting of 3182alliterative long lines, set in?Scandinavia, commonly cited as one of the most important works ofAnglo-Saxon literature.Grendel?is one of three?antagonists, along with?Grendels mother?and the?dragon, in the?Anglo-Saxon?epic poem?Beowulf(AD 700–1000). Grendel is usually depicted as a?monster, though this is the subject of scholarly debate. In the poem, Grendel is feared by all but?Beowulf.The term?Viking?(from?Old Norse?víkingr)?is customarily used to refer to the?Norse?explorers,?warriors,?merchants, andpirates?who raided, traded, explored and settled in wide areas of?Europe,?Asia?and the?North Atlantic?islands from the late 8th to the mid-11th century.Eric Haraldsson?(Eric, anglicised form of?Old Norse:Eiríkr;[1]?died 954), nicknamed ‘Bloodaxe’?(blóe?x), was a 10th-century?Scandinavian?ruler. He is thought to have had short-lived terms as?King of Norway?and possibly as