进化论-EVOLUTION.ppt

进化论EVOLUTION Charles Darwin Question for Thought Earth has millions of other kinds of organisms of every imaginable shape, size, and habitat. This variety of living things is called biological diversity. How did all these different organisms arise? How are they related? In your own words, describe what YOU think the theory of evolution means… Darwin’s Theory of Evolution Evolution, or change over time, is the process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms. A scientific theory is a well-supported testable explanation of phenomena that have occurred in the natural world. How do you think Darwin came up with his theory? Voyage of the Beagle Voyage of Beagle Dates: February 12th, 1831 Captain: Charles Darwin Ship: H.M.S. Beagle Destination: Voyage around the world. Findings: evidence to propose a revolutionary hypothesis about how life changes over time Patterns of Diversity Darwin visited Argentina and Australia which had similar grassland ecosystems. those grasslands were inhabited by very different animals. neither Argentina nor Australia was home to the sorts of animals that lived in European grasslands. Patterns of Diversity Darwin posed challenging questions. Why were there no rabbits in Australia, despite the presence of habitats that seemed perfect for them? Why were there no kangaroos in England? Living Organisms and Fossils Darwin collected the preserved remains of ancient organisms, called fossils. Some of those fossils resembled organisms that were still alive today. Living Organisms and Fossils ? Others looked completely unlike any creature he had ever seen. As Darwin studied fossils, new questions arose. Why had so many of these species disappeared? How were they related to living species? Fossils The Galapagos Island The smallest, lowest islands were hot, dry, and nearly barren-Hood Island-sparse vegetation The higher islands had greater rainfall and a different assortment of plants and animals-