新概念二 被动概要1.pptVIP

动词语态 英语动词有两种语态 主动语态：主语是动作的执行者 被动语态：主语是动作的承受者 Many people speak English.(主动语态) English is spoken by many people.(被动语态)  被动语态构成 助动词+及物动词的过去分词 （ be + P.P.) 时态 主动语态 被动语态(be+过去分词） 一般现在时 see / sees am(is,are)+seen 一般过去时 saw was(were)+seen 一般将来时 will (shall) +see will(shall)+be+seen (过去将来时) would(should)+see would(should)+be+seen 现在进行时 am(is,are)+seeing am(is,are)+being+seen (过去进行时) was(were)+seeing was(were)+being+seen 现在完成时 have(has)+seen have(has)+been+seen (过去完成时) had+seen had+been+seen 含情态动词 情态动词+see 情态动词+be+seen 以see为例，比较主动语和态被动语态的结构形式 Read text-2 When can we use the passive voice? 不知道动作的执行者是谁，或没有必要指出动 作的执行者时。 My bike was stolen last night. 昨晚我的自行车被偷了。 The desk was made by Master Wang. 这张课桌是王师傅做的。 The bag was taken away by his sister. 那个书包是她姐姐提走的。 2. 为了强调或突出动作的承受者时。 被动语态使用方法 主动语态改为被动语态的方法 将下列句子改成被动语态。 1.We use English as a foreign language. → English is used as a foreign language( by us). 2. People write business letters in English. Business letters are written( by people) in English. 3.They make telephone calls in English. → Telephone calls are made( by them) in English. 过去 时,含情态动词的被动语态 A man killed Jack. → They built the bridge. Nurse should take care of the children. → Jack was killed (by a man). The bridge was built . Children should be taken care of. 主动语态变为被动语态时注意 含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态变为被动语态时有两种情况: Eg He gave the boy an apple. → (1)把间接宾语改为主语,直接宾语保留不变: The boy was given an apple (2)把直接宾语改为主语,此时,间接宾语前要 加to或for. An apple was given to the boy. (give, pass, show, send to ) (buy, draw, make, for ) 4. 带复合宾语的动词改为被动语态时,一般把主动语态的宾语改为主语,宾语补足语在被动语态中作主语补足语. He cut his hair short. → His hair was cut short. They told him to help me. → He was told to help me. 5. 注意: 不及物动词不能用被动语态happen ,take place, appear but不及物动词带上介词或副词构成的短语,相当于及物动词, 后面可带宾语 take care of / look after / take off / look at / send for / look up 将下列句子改为被动语态： （一） We oft