小麦品种慢条锈性鉴定及评价研究.pdfVIP

植物病理学报 ACTA PHYTOPATHOLOGICA SINICA 37(6)：649-653(2007) 小麦品种慢条锈性鉴定及评价研究 谢 鸣 ，周祥椿 ( 甘肃省天水农业学校，清水741400； 甘肃省冬小麦研究所兰州商学院小麦研究所，兰州730020) 摘要：连续4年在我国小麦条锈病常发易变区的陇南，采用对52个感病反应型小麦品种的潜育期、病情指数和千粒重损 失率3个指标综合评分的方法，进行了慢条锈性鉴定与评价，筛选出高度慢条锈品种6个，中度慢条锈品种7个，低度慢条 锈品种l2个，分别占11．54％、13 46％和23．08％。鉴定评价体现了慢锈性特点，结果可靠，简便易行，适合筛选慢条锈品 种并为生产上加以合理利用提供依据。此外，通过研究对小麦品种慢条锈性的稳定性等问题进行了讨论。 关键词：小麦；品种；慢锈性；鉴定；评价 ldentification and evaluation of wheat cultivars’slow stripe—rusting characteristic XIE Ming ，ZHOU Xiang—chun ( Tianshui Agricultural School，Qingshui 741400，China； Winter Wheat Research Institute of Gansu Province，Wheat Research Institute of Lanzhou Commercial College，Lanzhou 730020，China) Abstract：For 4 years in succession，52 wheat cultivars in susceptible reaction type were selected to examine the slow stripe—rusting characteristics in Longnan District，where wheat stripe rust and its mutation were OC— curred frequently．Latent period，disease index and loss rate of thousand kernels weight were employed as cri— teria to identify and evaluate the characteristics by an approach of integrated scoring．6 high，7 moderately and 12 low slow—stripe—rusting cultivars were screened out，which take up 11．54％ ，13．46％ and 23．08％ respec— tively．The identification and evaluation results reflected slow rusting characteristics．It showed the method was reliable and feasible，which could be applied to selection as well as production sectors for their reference of utilizing slow rusting wheat cultivars in a more rational manner．In addition，the stability of slow—rusting of wheat cultivars was discussed． Key words：wheat；cultivar；slow—rusting；identification；evaluation 中图分类号：$435．121．42 文献标识码：A 文章编号：04124)914(2007)06-0649-05 种植抗病品种是防治小麦条锈病最为经济有 慢条锈品种的选育和应用，首先需要解决的问题是 效的措施。受一对主效基因控制的免疫类型品种， 寻找出简便易行、可操作性强，具有相当可靠性的 在品种育成之初防病效果显著，但大面积种植后， 慢条锈性鉴定技术。为此，Yuan等 提出了以锈 常导致相应的条锈菌致病小种的产生和危害，从而