生物化学以及种群生态学 - 生物安全学报.docVIP

中国入侵生物学学科的构建与发展 万方浩1 严盈1 王瑞1 杨国庆2 1、中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室，北京100081 2、扬州大学园艺与植物保护学院，扬州，225009 摘要: 英国生态学家查尔斯·艾尔顿经历了萌芽期(20世纪80年代之前)、成长期(20世纪80年代)和快速发展期(20世纪90年代末期至今)。入侵生物学是研究外来物种的入侵性与生态系统的可入侵性、以及外来物种预防与控制的科学，是一门多领域交叉的学科。 Invasion Biology：Development and Perspective in China Fang-Hao WAN1，Ying YAN1, Rui WANG1, Guo-Qing YANG2 1, State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China 2, School of Horticulture and Plant protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 Abstract：Half century past since Charles S. Elton’s book The ecology of invasions by animals and plants been published in 1958, which is generally acknowledged as the starting point for focused scientific attention on biological invasions. After that, biological invasions research experienced a sprout stage (before 1980s), a growth stage (1980s), and a stage of continued and rapid development (from the 1990s, to the present). During those periods, more and more concepts, hypothesis, methodologies and technologies were raised and applied in this field. All those theories and practices gave birth to a new discipline in ecology branch - Invasion Biology (IB). Here we presented some general statistics of invasion books and papers in the last fifty years and illustrated the international development of IB. Then the basic and applied research of IB in China were reviewed, focused on the key scientific questions (invasion potential, genetic differentiation, ecological adaptations and system resistance), and the technical systems of prevention and control (detection and surveillance, risk assessment and early warning, suppression and eradication, biological control, ecological restoration and intervene adjustment). The construction and framework of IB in China were further detailed. Invasion Biology is defined as an interdisciplinary scheme to study invasiveness of invasive alien species and invasi