渐危植物鹅掌楸的授粉率及花粉管生长-生物教学网.doc

渐危植物鹅掌楸的授粉率及花粉管生长大多基于人工授粉是否能提高结实率来推断,从而很大程度上忽视了自然居群中可能存在的花粉竞争这一因素(Snow Spira,...不同来源的花粉在柱头上均可萌发。从花粉管的长度看,只有少数花粉管可在花柱中继续伸长,大多数的花粉管伸长约20～40 ...黄 双 全　郭 友 好(武汉大学生命科学学院　武汉 430072)陈 家 宽（复旦大学生物多样性研究所　上海 200433） POLLINATION RATES AND POLLEN TUBE GROWTH IN A VULNERABLE PLANT,LIRIODENDRON CHINENSE (HEMSL.) SARG.（MAGNOLIACEAE)HUANG Shuang-Quan　GUO You-Hao(School of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072)CHEN Jia-Kuan(Institute of Biodiversity,Fudan University, Shanghai 200433) Abstract　The limited seed production of insect-depended plant, Liriodendron chinense was once considered to be pollen-limited and insufficient cross pollination. In this study, we counted pollen grains deposited on stigmas in three populations in Guizhou, Hunan and Zhejiang provinces of China respectively. Over 61.9% stigmas were pollinated. From 1994 to 1996, the mean number of pollen grains on each stigma ranged from 4.4 to 42.6, much more than ovules(2) in each pistil. Based on observations of three years, both the pollination rate and pollen quantity on stigmas significantly affected seed set. When flowers opened without stamens dehiscencing at the early stage of anthesis, stigmas received considerable quantity of pollen grains. Pollen grains from different sources were able to germinate and pollen tube growth rates were not greatly variable. It is very likely that pollen grains arrived first would fertilize eggs. Since only several pollen tubes went through the stylar canal, the potential pollen competition may exist. In this case, there would be strong selection on floral syndrome which benefit early insect visits. Pollen grains from the early visits would have a greater chance to fertilize ovules than those from later visits, which implies that cross pollination is the predominant breeding system of this plant. The conclusion was also confirmed by following four artificial experiments. Three treatments, including flowers bagged, netted or with the perianth removed, all reduced see