一氧化氮熏蒸对采后肥城桃果实细胞壁代谢的影响 - 生物通.doc

一氧化氮熏蒸对采后肥城桃果实细胞壁代谢的影响 朱树华1，刘孟臣2，周 杰1 （1山东农业大学化学与材料科学学院，泰安 271018；2山东农业大学园艺学院，泰安 271018） 摘要：【目的】研究NO处理后果实细胞壁的代谢和酶活性变化，探讨NO对肥城桃果实软化的作用机理以期为NO应用于肥城桃贮藏保鲜提供试验依据。【方法】用0、5、10和15 μl·L-1 NO气体熏蒸肥城桃2 h后分别贮藏于5和27℃，测定果实细胞壁组成和酶活性变化。【结果】5和10 μl·L-1 NO显著降低5和27℃下肥城桃果实果胶甲酯酶（PME）和内切葡聚糖酶（EGase）活性，延缓了贮藏过程中细胞壁纤维素、半纤维素的降解，并抑制了离子型果胶含量下降和可溶性果胶含量增加。5和10 μl·L-1 NO提高了外切多聚半乳糖醛酸酶（exo-PG）和内切多聚半乳糖醛酸酶（endo-PG）活性，有利于减轻贮藏过程中果实的絮败。15 μl·L-1 NO处理果实显现了NO的毒害作用。【结论】果实软化过程中可溶性果胶的增加主要是由离子型果胶转化而来，这可能是肥城桃的一个品种特性。5和10 μl·L-1 NO有效延缓了肥城桃果实细胞壁代谢，维持桃果肉细胞的完整性，改变低温对PME和PG平衡的影响，缓解低温贮藏对桃果实的冷害作用。这种延缓作用具有时效性，且NO具有双重生物效应。 关键词：桃（Prunus persica）；一氧化氮；熏蒸；细胞壁；代谢；冷害 Effects of Fumigation with Nitric Oxide on Cell Wall Metabolisms of Postharvest Feicheng Peaches ZHU Shu-hua1, LIU Meng-chen2, ZHOU Jie1 (1College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018; 2College of Horticulture, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018) Abstract: 【Objective】This paper investigates metabolisms of cell wall and changes of enzymes activities in Feicheng peaches (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch., cv. Feicheng) fumigated with nitric oxide (NO). It discusses the action mechanisms of NO to provide basic data for storage of Feicheng peaches with NO. 【Method】The peaches were fumigated with 05, 10 and 15 μl·L-1 NO for 2 hours, then stored at 5 and 27℃. The cell wall enzymes and changes of each fruit were detected. 【Result】5 and 10 μl·L-1 NO could reduce significantly the activities of PME and EGase in peach fruits stored at 5 and 27 and delay the degradations of hemicellulose and cellulose.They could also restrain the increase of soluble pectin and the decrease of ionic pectin. 5 and 10 μl·L-1 NO improved exo-PG and endo-PG activities and alleviated woolliness of peach fruit in storage. 15 μl·L-1 NO treated fruits showed the toxicity of NO. 【Conclusion】In the course of softening, the increase of soluble pectin was mostly from the degradation of ionic pectin, which may be a specific ch