完形填空主要考查3个角度上下文语义理解、词义辨析.docVIP

“完形填空”主要考查3个角度：上下文语义理解、词义辨析和生活常识及文化背景。一、“完形填空”3“完形填空”注重在语境中考查词义。几乎所有的备选项都要通过联系上文或下文而确定。因此答案有的由一个句子决定，有的由相邻不远的一组句子决定，还有的由整个语篇内容综合决定。因此，依据“完形填空”设题的考点层次，可将“完形填空”分为句内层次题、句组层次题和语篇层次题。明确了解题着眼点，就锁定了思考范围，有利于考场快速准确答题。 (一)句内层次题句内层次类题目是指通过阅读空格所处的那一句话即可找出答案的题目。命题角度通常有上下文语义理解、词义辨析和生活常识及文化背景等。 [典例]　(2012·湖南高考)Nowadays many people do ridiculous things to realize their dream of “perfection”. The __45__ is that no one is perfect. 45．A.possibility　　　　　B．purpose C．truth D．choice(二)句组层次题句组层次类题目是指通过阅读空格所处的那一句话不能找出正确答案，需要结合题目所在句子以外的句子才可找出答案的题目。命题角度通常有上下文语义理解、词义辨析和逻辑关系三种。 [典例]　(湖北高考)Zigfried, a little mouse, blew his breath on the frosty window of the farmhouse and rubbed it to see the outside.Still nobody came.Maybe today, he thought __31__.It was only a few days before Christmas and he was watching for a miracle (奇迹)． 31．A.carefully　　　　　　　　B．excitedly C．hopefully D．proudly (三)语篇层次题语篇层次类题目是指无法在句内或句组确定答案，需要结合整个语篇才能找到正确答案的题目。这类题目主要考查考生的篇章分析能力。命题角度通常有上下文语义理解和逻辑关系两种。 [典例]　(2013·湖南高考)When I was 8 years old, I once decided to run away from home.With my suitcase __36_packed__ and some sandwiches in a bag, I started for the front door and said to Mom, “I’m leaving.” “If you want to __37__， thats all right，” she said. “But you came into this home without anything and you can leave the same way.” … The door inched open and Moms smiling face appeared.“Did you change your __47_decision__ about running away？” she asked. 37．A.drop out B．go by C．move around D．run away二、“完形填空” (一)利用文章首句解题“完形”的首句一般不设空，而首句往往是了解全文的窗口，依据首句所给的信息常常可以看出文章的体裁和背景，从而有利于快速把握文章的主旨大意。文章第一句往往是“完形填空”做题的切入点，开始几个空往往与首句有密切关系。 [典例]　(2013·)I used to be a very self-centered person, but in the past two years I have really changed. I have started to think about other people __36__ I think about myself. I am happy that I am becoming a __37__ person. 36．A.since　　　　　　　B．before C．or D．unless 37．A.famous B．simple C．different D．skilled 分析： (二)利用上下文语境解题上下文是形成语境的基础，做题时要学会瞻前顾后，要做到词不离句、句不离段、段不离文。因为，有时如果单独看空格，看似几个选项填入空格都没有错，句子也通顺，但结合全文内容来理解，就只有一