柔性植物及刚性植物紊流特性研究.pdfVIP

文章编号：1000-4874(2008)-03-0158-08 柔性植物与刚性植物紊流特性研究* 吴福生 1,2，姜树海 1,2 (1. 南京水利科学研究院, 南京 210029 ； 2. 水文水资源及水利工程科学国家重点实验室，南京 210024) 摘 要：河流中的植物不仅影响河流的泄洪能力而且在生态的修复中起重要作用，因此对含植物明渠水流的阻力 特性及紊流特性的研究显得非常重要。将河道中含植物的水流视为充分发展了的紊流，在实验室中用特定材料模拟柔 性植物与刚性植物，通过水槽试验用三维ADV对淹没植物段紊流特性进行了测量研究，分析了含淹没植物明渠水流的 水力学特性及阻力特性并得出其曼宁糙率n 的变化规律。对试验结果分析表明，含淹没植物的垂向流速分布不再符合 指数分布；其紊流具有明显的各向异性特性；植物冠层交界处，水流紊动交换强烈，该处紊流强度及雷诺应力出现最 大值。 关 键 词：柔性植物，刚性植物，紊流特性 中图分类号：TV133 文献标识码：A Turbulent characteristics in open channel with flexible and rigid vegetation WU Fu-sheng1,2, Jiang Shu-hai1,2 (1. Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210029, China; 2. Nation Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Water Conservancy Science in Engineering ，Nanjing ，210024, China) Abstract: Vegetations supply great effect not only on flood discharge but also on river restoration. It is important to study the characteristics of flow resistance and turbulence in vegetated flow. Vegetated open channel flow is considered as fully developed turbulence. Flexible and rigid vegetation is made and modulated by a special material in the laboratory. Flume experiments were carried out on studying the vegetated flow turbulence and ADV was used to measure the performance of turbulence. The results of hydraulics and resistance of vegetated flow were analyzed and the variation of Monin roughness coefficient was obtained. The results show that the velocity profile is not accord with the exponential rule and the anisotropy of turbulent characteristic of flow is *收稿日期：2007-08-31 （2008-01-31 修改稿） 作者简介：吴福生（1963－），男，汉，高级工程师，硕士。 吴福生，等：柔性植物与刚性植