单词翻译（生技0801班）.doc

分子生物学单词翻译2-deoxyribose 2-脱氧核糖 A five-carbon sugar that differs from ribose in having a hydrogen instead of a hydroxyl group at the 2position. The sugar is a distinctive component of DNA, whose backbone is an alternating copolymer of 2deoxyribose and phosphate. 与核糖不同，在2号位由羟基取代氢原子的五碳糖。它是DNA主要识别部分，DNA随着2号位五碳糖和磷酸基团的改变而使其变化。 3 splice site 3末端剪接位点 A sequence overlapping the junction at the 3 end of an intron and the 5 end of the downstream exon. The sequence is required for proper splicing of that intron and used to be called the acceptor site. 3末端内含子和5末端下游外显子交界处重叠序列，它要求内含子上“受体”位点的正确剪接。 3 untranslated trailer region (3 UTR) 3末端非编码区拖尾 A noncoding sequence located downstream (3) of the coding region in an mRNA. The 3 UTR sometimes contains recognition sequences for the binding of cytoskeletal proteins such as tubulin, which can localize the mRNA within specific regions of the cell. 在mRNA下游编码区的非编码序列。3 UTR有时候还包含细胞骨架蛋白结合识别序列，例如用于细胞内特定区域mRNA本地化的微管蛋白。 5-bromouracil 5-溴尿嘧啶 A mutagenic analog of the base thymine. The presence of the bromo substituent allows the base to mispair with guanine via the enol tautomer. 胸腺嘧啶的一个突变类似物。溴取代基使碱基通过烯醇异构体与鸟嘌呤配对异常。 5 cap 5端帽子结构 A methylated guanine nucleotide attached to the 5 end of eukaryotic mRNAs. This structure is critical for the recruitment of the translation machinery to eukaryotic mRNAs. 一个甲基化的鸟嘌呤核苷酸，附着在真核生物mRNA 5末端。这个结构对真核生物mRNA翻译机制的补充很关键。 5 methyl 5 甲基 Refers to the presence of a methyl group (朇H3) at the 5 position of a pyrimidine base. The base thymine has a methyl group at its 5 position. 指的是嘧啶碱基5号位的甲基。在胸腺嘧啶5号位有一个甲基。 5 splice site 5剪接位点 A sequence overlapping the junction at the 5 end of an intron and the 3 end of the upstream exon. The sequence is required for proper splicing of that intron used to be called the donor site. 5末端内含子和3末端上游外显子的重叠序列，这个序列要求内含子供体位点发生正确的剪接。 10-nm fiber 10-nm纤维 A form of chromatin in which the DNA is packaged into evenly spaced nucleosomes without interaction between nucleosomes. Packaging of DNA into this s