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Prevention of acute urticaria in young children with atopic dermatitis F. Estelle R. Simons, MD, FRCPC, on behalf of the Early Treatment of the Atopic Child (ETAC) Study Group* Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada Background: There are no published prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies of urticaria preven- Abbreviation used tion in children. ETAC: Early Treatment of the Atopic Child Objective: Our objective was to study the effect of long-term treatment with the H -receptor antagonist cetirizine in the pre- 1 vention of urticaria in young children with atopic dermatitis. Although H -receptor antagonist use in children with 1 Methods: In the prospective, double-blind, parallel-group urticaria is described in one cross-sectional study11 and Early Treatment of the Atopic Child study, 817 children with mentioned in one prospective study,17 there are no pub- atopic dermatitis who were 12 to 24 months of age at study lished double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trials of entry were randomized to receive either cetirizine, 0.25 mg/kg, H1-antagonists in this population. or matching placebo twice daily for 18 months and to be fol- lowed up for an additional 6 months, during which time the A unique opportunity to investigate the potential role study medication code remained unbroken. During both these of an H1-receptor antagonist (antihistamine) in urticaria double-blind phases of the study, for a total of 24 months, prevention in young child