大二上 建筑概论（The introduction to architecture in sophomore year）.docVIP

大二上 建筑概论（The introduction to architecture in sophomore year） The introduction Construction 8 word policy: applicable, safe, economical, beautiful. 2. Building classification: According to the nature of buildings: civil buildings (residential buildings, public buildings), industrial buildings (production houses, auxiliary rooms), agricultural buildings; According to the main bearing structure materials: brick structure, brick structure construction, reinforced concrete structures, steel and reinforced concrete structure, steel structure buildings and other structures (raw soil building, plastic, inflatable plastic buildings). 3. Building durability level: Level of use fixed number of year sample (1 5 years temporary buildings; 2 25 years Easy to replace building structures; 3 50 years of ordinary buildings or other structures; 4 100 commemorative and particularly important buildings). 4. Fire resistance limit: fire resistance test for building components according to time - temperature standard curve, starting from the effect of fire to the period of damage (in hours). Chapter 1 housing architecture 1. Constitute the main part of the building: foundation, wall or column, floor, roof, staircase, doors and Windows. Base: the bottom part of the house, buried below the natural ground. It bears the full load of the house and passes the load down to the underlying soil - the foundation. 2. Construction drawing: drawing catalogue - design general specification - (total floor plan) - construction drawing - structure construction drawing - equipment construction drawing (heating and ventilation, water supply and drainage, electrical). 3. Absolute elevation: the mean sea level of the yellow sea in Qingdao is designated as the zero point of absolute elevation, and the other local elevation is based on it. Relative elevation: the main floor level of the floor is designated as the zero point of relative elevation, and the note is written as plus or minus 0.000. Chapter ii design