第四节 森林的开发和保护——以亚马孙热带雨林为例（Section 4 development and protection of forests - take the amazon rainforest）.docVIP

第四节 森林的开发和保护——以亚马孙热带雨林为例（Section 4 development and protection of forests - take the amazon rainforest） Section 2 development and protection of forests - take the amazon rainforest Knowledge comb A, forest ecological environment effect, the dispatching center of nature  1.  forest resources environment function (1) forest resources: forests are both important natural resources and irreplaceable environmental resources.  (2) the forest the enormous effect on the environment, can be summarized as: (1) keep water and soil, (2) regulating climate, (3) smoke dust removal, (4) windbreak and sand-fixation, (5) to purify the air, and water conservation, 7), environment beautification, breeding species and maintenance of biological diversity, and so on. 2. The present distribution of forest  (1) the distribution of world forest resources is very uneven, and the existing primary forest is mainly distributed in the coniferous forests and tropical rainforests of the subfrigid zone.  (2) the amazon rainforest is one of the largest extant intact forests on earth, with 60 percent of them in Brazil.  (3) major forest types in the world: subfrigid coniferous forests, tropical rainforests, mixed forests, temperate and subtropical broad-leaved forests. The largest forest in the area is the subarctic coniferous forest. The most important ecological benefit is the tropical rainforest.   Second, the global environmental effect of rainforest  1. The distribution of tropical rainforest  Distribution: (1) latitude are mainly distributed in the north and south on both sides of the equator, but in the mainland to wind belt can be extended to 15 ° ~ 25 ° from the equator.  (2) : regional distribution of southeast Asia and South America, Africa, Congo river valley is amazon river basin tropical rain forest three concentrated distribution area, is the largest area in the amazon river in South America. The green belt refers to the rainforest. 2.  tropical rain forests of the global eco