循环系统学习资料-Cardiac Pharmacology2015.pptxVIP

Cardiac Pharmacology(Introduction);; Small City with everything a large city has to offer Safe Quality Education World-class post secondary Western University Fanshawe College;Pharmacology ;Definitions;The Life Cycle of a Drug(pharmacokinetics);Slow Absorption;Faster Absorption;Fastest Absorption;Distribution: Depends on Blood Flow and Blood Brain Barrier; Excludes ionized substances; Active transport mechanisms; Not uniform – leaky (circumventricular areas);Bioavailability;Depot Binding(accumulation in fatty tissue);Degradation Excretion;Excretion: Other routes;Metabolism and Elimination (cont.);First order kinetics A constant fraction of drug is eliminated per unit of time. When drug concentration is high, rate of disappearance is high.;Zero order kinetics Rate of elimination is constant. Rate of elimination is independent of drug concentration. Constant amount eliminated per unit of time. Example: Alcohol;Comparison;Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic With pharmacokinetic drug interactions, one drug affects the absorption, distribution, metabolism, or excretion of another. With pharmacodynamic drug interactions, two drugs have interactive effects in the brain. Either type of drug interaction can result in adverse effects in some individuals. In terms of efficacy, there can be several types of interactions between medications: cumulative, additive, synergistic, and antagonistic. ;;;;;Pharmacodynamics;Agonism and Antagonism;Modes of Action;Agonists/Antagonists;Important implications ofdrug-receptor interaction;Drug Effects;Side Effects;Drug Combinations;Cardiac Pharmacology(The Heart);The Human Heart;Introduction ;;Heart Development;Congenital Heart Disease;Background;Cardiovascular System Function;Heart and Blood vessels Products transported to sustain all cells;;;Circulation Reviewed;Properties of Cardiac Muscle;Circulation Reviewed- it’s a closed circuit but “stuff” can get into the circuit in two places; which ones?;P__________ G______