Applications of periodic orbit theory toN-particle systems：（应用程序的周期轨道理论toN-particle系统）.pdfVIP

Journal o/ Statistical Physics, Vol. 86. Nos. 5/6. 1997 Applications of Periodic Orbit Theory to N-Particle Systems Lamberto Rondoni ~2 and Gary P. Morriss I Received July 6, 1996;final September 10. 1996 ill recent years a number of new techniques have become available in non- equilibrium statistical mechanics, all derived from dynamical system theory, especially from the thermodynamic formalism of Ruelle. We focus here on periodic orbit theory, and we compare it with a novel approach proposed by Evans, Cohen, and Morriss, and developed further by Gallavotti and Cohen. We argue that the two approaches based on such theories are equivalent Ibr systems of many particles if the underlying dynamics is similar to that of Anosov systems, and that such equivalence should remain in more general situations. We extend our previous explanation of irreversibility in the thermostatted Lorentz gas to N-particle diffusion and shearing systems. KEY WORDS: Gaussian thermostat; orbital measures; Ruelles principle; stability eigenvalues. 1. I N T R O D U C T I O N It has been recently noted that the language of dynamical system theory constitutes a unifying framework for both equilibrium and nonequilibrium statistical mechanicsJ ~,2~ In fact, both can be studied from the viewpoint of the dynamics associated with a given differential equation or mapping. In particular, m a n y works have appeared in the nonequilibrium statistical mechanics literature whi