第四章 生产与成本理论（The fourth chapter is the theory of production and cost）.doc

第四章 生产与成本理论（The fourth chapter is the theory of production and cost） The equal cost curve refers to the track of the maximum number of combination points of the two production factors that can be purchased by the manufacturer under the established conditions of the price of the factor of production and the cost of the manufacturer. The cost line changes with the cost of the manufacturer and the price of the factor of production. The price is unchanged, the cost rises, and so on, the cost line moves in parallel to the right. The cost is unchanged, and the price of the factor of production doubles, while the cost line moves in parallel to the lower left. 3. The optimum combination of factors of production 4. Production Expansion route The production expansion route is the trajectory of the optimal input point for the production factor corresponding to each possible output level. Alternatively, the trajectory of the maximum output point that corresponds to the level of input cost per possible factor of production is actually the curve that is formed by connecting each of the equal cost lines to the tangent of the equal yield line. 5. Analysis of scale and reward ① scale pay increase The increment of scale of return means that when the production scale of the enterprise expands, the increase of production or income of the enterprise is faster than the increase of the factor input. For example, when the enterprise investment increases 1 time times (100%), namely scale expands 1 time times, the enterprises income increase is more than 1 time times (more than 100%). Thats what we often say about economies of scale. ② Scale Compensation Fixed The fixed scale compensation means that when the enterprises production scale expands, the increase rate of the output or the income of the enterprise equals to the increase of the production factor input. ③ Scale Returns The decline of scale of return means that when the production scale of the enterprise expands, the increase of prod