计算机基础辅导资料（Basic computer guidance materials）.docVIP

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计算机基础辅导资料（Basic computer guidance materials）.doc

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计算机基础辅导资料（Basic computer guidance materials）

计算机基础辅导资料（Basic computer guidance materials） Basic knowledge of computer Development and classification of computers ENIAC: the first electronic computer officially put into operation EDVAC: the first designed stored program electronic computer. Von Neumann: stored procedures, program control EDSAC: the first stored program electronic computer UNIVAC: the first commercial computer. First generation electron tube computer (1946 - 1958): Element: an electronic tube used for scientific calculations. Software: machine language is binary language, and each instruction consists of binary codes 0 and 1. Second generation transistor computer (1958 - 1964) Component: transistor. Software: assembly language, that is, symbolic language. Third generation integrated circuit computer (1964 - 1971): components: small and medium scale integrated circuits. Software: a high-level language that is close to natural language and mathematical language that people are accustomed to using. Fourth generation large scale integrated circuit computer (after 1971) Component: lsi. Software: high-level language Fifth generation computer: sign: artificial intelligence (AI) Software: object oriented language. According to the signal processed by computer, it is divided into digital computer, analog computer and digital analog mixed computer. Computers are divided into special-purpose computers and general-purpose computers according to their functions. General purpose computers are divided into supercomputers, mainframes, minicomputers, microcomputers, servers, and workstations The computer is divided into 8 bit machines (8080), 16 bit machines (8086, 80286), 32 bit machines (80386, 80486), 64 bit machines (Pentium) The direction of computer development Multi polarization (supercomputer, micro computer), network, multimedia, intelligent Computer applications Computer aided system: CAD - Computer Aided Design CAM - computer aided manufacturing CBE - Computer Assisted Instruction CAI - Computer Assis