2010年高考英语精品语法辅导课件-动词的时态和语态程序.ppt

六、过去将来时 1.表从过去某时间看将要发生的事情，多用在在间接引语或宾语从句中，还可表示过去的倾向 或过去经常发生的事情 They asked me if I would go to Guangzhou soon. He’d play the violin when he was in low spirits. 2 . 用于“was/were going to＋动词原形”句型中，表示过去的安排、打算或确信某事会发生， 多用于口语。 I told her I was going to see her that afternoon. I’m sure (that) they were going to do that. 七、将来进行时 1）表示在将来某一时间正在进行的动作； They will be meeting us at the station. I will be seeing Mr Smith tomorrow. 2）表示原因、结果或猜测； Please come tomorrow afternoon, tomorrow morning I’ll be having a meeting. Stop the child or he will be falling over. You will be making a mistake. 3）用在问句中，表示委婉礼貌； Will you be reading anything else? When shall we be meeting again? 4）表示稍后一点的安排 My duties will end in July and I will be returning to Shanghai. 八、现在完成时 1.表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果，或说话时已完成的动作，常与so far, in the past/ last few years, recently, lately, twice, for two years, how long, since (…ago) 用。 例如：I have finished one third of the report so far. She has cleand the room. 2.表示从过去开始，待续到现在的动作或状态，往往和“for…”, “since…”表述的一段时间状语连用。例如：He has learned English for six years./ They have worked here since they left college. 3.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别： 1）用两种时态来表述发生在过去的某一动作，现在完成时强调这一过去动作对现在产生的影响或结果，而一般过去时只表达过去的动作或状态，和现在关系不大。例如：She has cleaned the room.It’s very clean now.(此句has cleaned就不能改为cleaned.一是因为cleaned与现状无关，二是因为一般过去时不可突然跳到It’s这样的一般现在时。) 2）汉语中的“了”、“过”、“曾”等词常用完成表达，如：I have seen that film.（我看过那部电影了。）但是如果是在特定的过去时间“看了”、“做过”，就不可用完成时而必须用一般过去进来表达。例如：When did you see that film? I saw it yesterday.(你什么时候看了那部电影？我昨天看的。)不能说：When have you seen that film?I have seen it yesterday. 4. 表示“曾经到过某地（人已回来）”用“have/has been to”,表示“到某地去了（还未回来）”用“have/has gone to”.例如： ——Where is Li Hua? －He has gone to the reading-room. ——She knows a lot about Shanghai. －She has been there. 5. 短暂动词（即瞬间动词），join,lose,buy,borrow,leave,go,come,arrive, die,marry, finish,complete,begin,start, break out等，在完成时态中，其肯定式不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。 例如不能说：He has finished the work for three hour