计算机软件基础与c复习.pptVIP

计算机软件基础与C++复习 1.A better “C” （1）引用必须初始化。 int count=0; int refCount=count; initialize refCount=1; count + =count; int* ptrCount=refCount; （4）函数原型 C++与 C不同之处是声明使用原型，以保证实参和形参类型一致（编译器检查） （6）函数重载(Function Overloading) C++把同一作用域内名字相同，但参数不同的函数称为重载函数。这得益于函数原型不仅给出函数名，而且指出了参数类型。 为了保证编译器根据参数类型识别重载函数，必须保证重载函数的参数不同。 2.ClassObject Access specifiers private The private keyword means that no one can access that member except inside function members of that type. Initialization Cleanup The constructor Constructor is a special public member function without any return type Constructor can finish data members initialization and other initialization task If a class has a constructor, the compiler automatically calls that constructor at the point an object is created, before client programmers can get their hands on the object. The name of the constructor is the same as the name of the class. How a constructor does? class stack { private: char v[100] ; char *p ; public: stack() { p=v; } void push(char c) {…} char pop() {…} }; Overloading Constructors The constructor can have arguments to allow you to specify how an object is created, give it initialization values, and so on. “auto” default constructor If you have a constructor, the compiler ensures that construction always happens. If (and only if) there are no constructo