民国时期我国图书馆的灾难述略 - 公共图书馆研究院.doc

民国时期我国图书馆的灾难述略 苏全有 河南师范大学图书馆事业与文化发展研究中心 河南 新乡 453007 [摘要]民国时期我国图书馆灾难问题研究，乃学术界研究的缺失所在。当时图书馆灾难大致可分为4类：一是图书失窃，在图书馆灾难类别中，图书失窃最为突出，堪称第一大灾难。二是兵燹，民国时期战争连绵，因战争造成的图书馆灾难亦十分严重。三是馆内人员的问题，由于图书馆自身的问题，也给图书馆带来了很多损失。四是政治干扰等因素，包括政府因素与民间因素两类。总之，民国时期我国图书馆灾难频仍，其中日寇对我国的侵略给图书馆事业带来的损坏十分巨大。 [关键词]图书馆灾难 民国时期 图书馆史 Discussion of the Library Disaster during the Republic of ChinaSu Quanyou Henan Normal University Library Cause and Cultural Development Research Center, Xinxiang，Henan 453007 [Abstract] The study of disaster in our country during the Republic of China is the library, where the lack of academic research. When the library disaster can be roughly divided into four categories: one is stolen books, in the category of library disaster, the most outstanding books stolen, is the first big disaster. The two is war, the period of the Republic of China for wars, because of the war caused by the disaster is very serious in the library. Three is the library personnel problems, because the librarys own problems, bring a lot of loss to the library. The four is the political interference and other factors, including the government and folk elements of two kinds of factors. In short, the period of the Republic of China Library disaster frequently, which is a huge damage to Japanese aggression against our country brings to library. [Keywords] Library disaster; The period of the Republic of China; Library history 民国时期我国社会动荡，图书馆灾难频仍，不过，与此形成截然反差的是，学术界极少关注。检索知网可知，几无一篇专题论文涉及。有鉴于此，笔者拟以图书馆灾难为视点，以民国时期为视域，以近代中国第一报刊《申报》为史料支撑，予以分类梳理，并提出自己的看法，以推动相关研究走向深入。 1 图书失窃 图书馆灾难类别中，图书失窃最为突出，堪称第一大灾难。 1914年7月，宁波天一阁发生图书等失窃案。7月8日《申报》报导，宁波范氏天一阁藏书楼控薛阿会、冯德甫串窃古书、碑帖及历朝君主图像，销赃于四马路来青阁书店主杨云溪、三马路六宜楼书店主陈立一（即陈立炎）等情。业经捕房将各人传提到廨，判薛、冯还押，杨交四千元大洋并保，陈存现洋五百元交保候讯在案。昨晨由廨复讯，先由捕房将吊到之手卷图像呈案请察原告延律帅上堂代表，请究陈二人亦各延律师到堂辩护，中西官会商之下判杨陈仍交原保薛冯还押起案，各赃先交原告具领候移提人赃到案再讯。[1] 22日该报续报称，宁波范氏天一阁藏书楼管书人范盈駧控贩书冯德甫、薛阿会串窃古书碑帖及历朝君主图像，销赃于四马路来青阁书店主杨云溪，三马路六艺楼主陈立炎。业经捕房将被告各人一并拘解公堂，讯判冯、薛收押，余人存洋交保在案。昨晨由廨复讯，先由捕房将吊到之手卷、图像呈案请察，原告延律师上堂代表请究，杨、陈二人亦各延律师到堂辩护，中西官会商之下，判杨、陈仍交原保，薛、冯还押起案，各赃