pid控制原理（PID control principle）.docVIP

pid控制原理（PID control principle） PID control principle Todays automatic control techniques are based on the concept of feedback. The elements of feedback theory consist of three parts: measurement, comparison, and execution. Measuring the variables of interest and comparing the desired values with the desired ones, the response of the regulating control system is corrected. The key to this theory and application of automatic control is how to correct the system better after proper measurements and comparisons are made. PID (proportional integral differential) controller, as the earliest practical controller, has been developed for more than 50 years. It is still the most widely used industrial controller. The PID controller is simple and easy to understand, and does not require accurate system model and other prerequisites. Therefore, it becomes the most widely used controller. The PID controller consists of a scale unit (P), an integrating unit (I) and a differential unit (D). Proportional (P) Regulation: the response of the system is proportional to the deviation of the system. Once there is a deviation, the proportional adjustment immediately produces regulation action to reduce the deviation. Proportional role, can speed up the adjustment, reduce errors, but too large a proportion of the stability of the system decline, and even cause instability of the system. Integral (I) adjustment: the system eliminates the steady-state error and improves the degree of error. Because of the error, the integral adjustment is carried out until there is no difference. The integral adjustment is stopped and the integral adjustment output is constant. The strength of the integral action depends on the integral time constant Ti, and the smaller the Ti, the stronger the integral action. On the contrary, the integration of Ti is weak, and the integral stability will decrease and the dynamic response will be slower. The integral action is usually combined with the other two regulation