花东土砂灾害集水区崩塌地潜感分布及地景变迁之研究.DOC

花東土砂災害集水區崩塌地潛感分布及地景變遷之研究 Assess Potential Landslide Distribution and Landscape Change of Eastern Hualien and Taitung Debris Disaster Watershed Areas 研究生：白林奇 Bai, Lin-Chi 指導教授：陳朝圳 Chen, Chaur-Tzuhn 隨著台灣經濟及人口快速成長，台灣平地面積日漸不足，山坡地之開發已成為趨勢，然而在坡地開發的過程中，破壞了坡地間原有的穩定性。花東地區之主要土砂災害集水區如壽豐溪、秀姑巒溪、知本溪及太麻里溪，境內地質脆弱且常年有颱風侵襲。因此每逢颱風、暴雨山區經常發生崩塌或土石流等災害，嚴重危害當地居民生命財產安全。本研究以花東地區主要土砂集水區為研究區域利用1996年、2002年、2005年及2007年等四期SPOT衛星影像，以人工數化之方式得各時期土砂災害區域，並利用地理資訊系統來套疊集水區之高程、坡度、坡向及地質圖層，四集水區崩塌地之特性。本研究另利用地理資訊系統，配合因子，包含坡度、坡向、高程、地質及距溪流道路遠近，計算各因子指標權重。潛感圖，研究結果將可提供相關單位做集水區治理規劃之參考。本研究之重要結論，分述如後：(一)研究結果顯示花東地區主要土砂災害集水區崩塌地多於高程1000-2000 m，坡度為30-60°，坡向以東南方、南方為主，地質則以大南澳片岩及廬山層居多()利用不安定指數法分析誘發土砂災害因子之權重，依次為地質、坡度、坡向、高程、與道路距離及水系距離()本研究所繪製之崩塌潛感圖，利用多時期崩塌地圖層來檢核其準確度，分析結果顯示實際崩塌地落於高潛感區者達57%關鍵字：土砂災害、遙感探測、崩塌潛感圖、地理資訊系統 The rapid economic growth and the population explosion resulted in the absence of usage of level ground in Taiwan formerly. As the result of that, the exploitation of hillside has been therefore practiced to seek more squares nowadays. However, this action affected the original stability among mountain slopes. The Eastern Hualien and Taitung debris disaster watershed areas, such as Shoufeng stream, Xiuguluan stream, Taimali stream and Zhiben stream occurs collapse and mudflows when typhoon and torrential rain strikes on mountainside area, which seriously threat local residents. This study utilizes the multi-temporal SPOT satellite images which were captured from the watersheds of Shoufeng stream, Xiuguluan stream, Taimali stream and Zhiben stream in year 1996, 2002, 2005 and 2007. This digital approaching can acquire the illustration of the periodic landslide areas. Matching with GIS function to overlay the landform layers identifies the characteristics of landslide areas which includes information of elevation, slope, aspect, geology and shape files. Furthermore, collaborating with the factors of landslide including slope, aspect, elevation, geology, distance to streams and distance to roads calculates the in