applied multivariate statistical analysis（应用多元统计分析）.pdf

SIXTH EDITION Applied Multivariate Statistical Analysis RICHARD A. JOHNSON University of Wisconsin—Madison DEAN W. WICHERN Texas AM University Pearson Education International Contents PREFACE xv 1 ASPECTS OF MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Applications of Multivariate Techniques 3 1.3 The Organization of Data 5 Arrays, 5 Descriptive Statistics, 6 Graphical Techniques, 11 1.4 Data Displays and Pictorial Representations 19 Linking Multiple Two-Dimensional Scatter Plots, 20 Graphs of Growth Curves, 24 Stars, 26 Chernoff Faces, 27 1.5 Distance 30 1.6 Final Comments 37 Exercises 37 References 47 2 MATRIX ALGEBRA AND RANDOM VECTORS 49 2.1 Introduction 49 2.2 Some Basics of Matrix and Vector Algebra 49 Vectors, 49 Matrices, 54 2.3 Positive Definite Matrices 60 ** 2.4 A Square-Root Matrix 65 2.5 Random Vectors and Matrices 66 2.6 Mean Vectors and Covariance Matrices 68 Partitioning the Covarianc