围岩蚀变及其找矿意义（Wall rock alteration and its prospecting significance）.doc

围岩蚀变及其找矿意义（Wall rock alteration and its prospecting significance） Wall rock alteration and its prospecting significance The wall rock alteration (wall-rock alteration), also known as rock metasomatic alteration, rock metasomatic alteration, refers to the ore in the fluid (gas, vapor and liquid) chemical changes and physical changes that occur under the action, causing changes in chemical composition and structure of surrounding rock. The essence is that under different temperature and pressure environment, the ore-forming fluid and the surrounding rock will be in an unbalanced state in different properties (pH, oxygen fugacity, etc.). In order to make the two of them tend to reach the balance of chemistry and physics, the exchange of matter and energy is bound to occur. This leads to the dissolution of minerals in the surrounding rock which are not in equilibrium with the fluid. Some elements are precipitated into the fluid, while others are precipitated to form new minerals. As for the surrounding rock, it is bound to involve the bringing and taking of the material. Altered rock refers to the rock formed by the paragenetic Association of minerals in a relatively balanced state under certain physical and chemical conditions during the alteration of the surrounding rock. Metasomatic alteration rocks can be entirely composed of new minerals. In the same balanced mineral assemblage, all kinds of new minerals are not altered by metasomatic alteration. They are almost simultaneously formed. They have crystalline structures, such as skarn. If the original rock is not completely replaced, there are still residual primary minerals, but there are residual structure, residual structure, but can be called change, such as skarn. There are three ways of alteration and alteration of fluid and surrounding rock: diffusion metasomatism, percolation metasomatism and metasomatism by both. The wall rock alteration can occur in fluid way (dizziness alteration, channel alteration, pre or