金属材料电阻率（Resistivity of metallic materials）.docVIP

金属材料电阻率（Resistivity of metallic materials） Formula for calculating resistivity The resistivity calculation formula: P =RS/L. - resistivity common unit. M. S is the cross-sectional area, common unit square meters R is the resistance value - commonly used unit of Omega L is the length of the wire - commonly used unit M [resistivity] the resistivity of metallic conductors (table) The resistivity of several metal conductors at 20 degrees C Material resistivity (omega m) (1) silver 1.65 * 10-8 (2) copper 1.75 * 10-8 (3) aluminium 2.83 * 10-8 (4) tungsten 5.48 * 10-8 (5) iron 9.78 * 10-8 (6) platinum 2.22 * 10-7 (7) - 4.4 * 10-7 (8) mercury 9.6 * 10-7 (9) 5 * 10-7 constantan (10) Ni Cr alloy 1 * 10-6 (11) Fe Cr Aluminum Alloy 1.4 * 10-6 (12) aluminium nickel iron alloy 1.6 * 10-6 (13) graphite (8~13) * 10-6 It can be seen that the resistivity of metal is smaller, the resistivity of the alloy is larger, the nonmetal and some metal oxides are larger, and the resistivity of the insulator is great. The resistivity of germanium, silicon, selenium, copper oxide, boron, etc. is smaller than that of insulators and larger than metals. We call this type of material semiconductors. Summary: under normal (from the table) are the best conductivity of silver, copper, aluminum, the three kinds of materials is the most commonly used, is often used as a conductor, in which copper is used most widely, now almost all of brass wires (precision instruments, except for special occasions) by wire chemically unstable easy oxidation has been eliminated. Due to its small density, wide range of materials and cheaper price than copper, it is widely used in overhead transmission lines to transmit electric power in electric power systems. In order to solve the defects of rigidity of aluminum, steel cored aluminum wire is usually adopted, that is to say, the aluminum strand is wrapped with a steel wire to increase the strength. Conductive silver the best performance but because of the high cost are rar