国外教育心理学课件1-01.pptVIP

Chapter 1: Introducing Educational Psychology and Reflective Practice Themes of the Chapter Learning how to understand learners and to promote their learning helps teachers feel more comfortable and successful. Students are diverse and some have special needs Theory and research play major roles in educational psychology and reflective practice Guiding Questions What is educational psychology? What primary concerns do beginning teachers have? What is reflective teaching, and how is it different from technical teaching? How can teachers recognize, adapt, and respond to diverse learners and students with special needs? How do educational psychologists use theory and research? Goals of Educational Psychology Enhance theoretical knowledge of basic psychological processes Improve educational practice Teaching and Learning Teaching A relatively permanent change in behaviour or knowledge as a result of experience Learning One person’s interpersonal effort to help others acquire knowledge, develop skill, and realize their potential What Expert Teachers Know Broad and deep subject matter knowledge How-to instructional strategies Knowledge about learning environments Knowledge about educational materials Concerns of Beginning Teachers Classroom discipline Motivating students Special needs Assessment and grading Teaching Efficacy A teacher’s judgement of, or confidence in, his or her capacity to cope with the teaching situation in ways that bring about desired outcomes Teaching Efficacy Categories Efficacy for classroom management Efficacy for student engagement Efficacy for instructional strategies See Table 1.3 (p.9) for sample questionnaire items that measure teaching efficacy Examples of Statements of Efficacy Classroom management: “I can prevent behaviour problems in the classroom.” Student engagement: “I can develop interesting tasks that students will enjoy.” Instructional strategies: “I can teach writing very well.” Metaphors for Teaching Two Modes of Teaching Te