澳方数学课程复习讲义1.docVIP

澳方数学课程复习讲义1： Chapter14—18 各章知识结 Chapter14: Discrete random variables and their probability distributions 离散随机变量及其概率分布 Chapter 15: The binomial distribution 二项式分布 Chapter 16: Markov chains 马尔科夫链 Chapter 17: Continuous random variables and their probability 连续随机变量 Chapter 18: The normal distribution 正态分布 重点单词及其含义 Discrete random variable 离散随机变量 Probability distribution概率分布 Expectation =mean数学期望，平均值 Median 中位数 Variance 方差 Standard deviation 标准差 Property 特征 Approximately 近似的 Multually exclusive 互斥 Conditional probability 条件概率 Karnaugh map 卡诺图 Independent events独立事件 Mode 众数 binomial probability distribution二项式分布 Parameters 参数 Markov chains 马尔科夫链 Steady state 稳定态 Transition matrix 转化矩阵 Initial state 初始状态 Continuous random variables 连续随机变量 Interquartile range 四分位数间距 Normal distribution 正态分布 Standardised values 标准化的值。 independence: A and B are independent tree diagram树状图 variance of a random variable,随机变量的方差 exceed 超过 proportion比例 重要问题归类： Binomial probability distribution: 思考：is the probability of A.two successes B. Two failures -------------------------------- (1) The probability of winning a prize in a game of chance is 0.35. What is the fewest number of games that must be played to ensure that the probability of winning at least twice is more than 0.9? (2) The probability of Thomas beating William in a set of tennis is 0.24, and Thomas and William decide to play a set of tennis every day for n days. What is the fewest number of days on which they should play to ensure that the probability of Thomas winning at least one set is more than 0.95? (3)The probability of winning a prize in a game of chance is 0.45. What is the least number of games that must be played to ensure that the probability of winning at least twice is more than 0.95?