操作系统作业与答案汇总.docVIP

第一次作业（Assignment-1） 1.1 What are the three main purposes of an operating system? 1)环境提供者，为计算机用户提供一个环境，使得能够在计算机硬件上方便、高效的执行程序 2)资源分配者，为解决问题按需分配计算机的资源，资源分配需尽可能公平、高效 3)控制程序 监控用户程序的执行，防止出错和对计算机的不正当使用 管理I/O设备的运行和控制 1.3 What is the main advantage of multiprogramming? 1)高效地使用CPU，通过重叠来自不同用户对CPU和I/O设备的需求 2)增加CPU的利用，设法让CPU执行有意义的指令 1.10 What is the main difficulty that a programmer must overcome in writing an operating system for a real-time environment? 主要的困难是保持在操作系统内固定时间约束的实时系统。如果系统不能在一定的时间范围内完成一项任务，它可能会导致整个系统的运行故障。因此，写一个实时系统的操作系统时，作者必须确保其调度方案不允许响应时间超过时间限制。个人电脑时最好的工作是小到可以合理执行它时的表现足以执行程序到用户的满意。 第二次作业（Assignment-2） 2.3 What are the differences between a trap and an interrupt? What is the use of each function? 1)An interrupt是硬件产生的系统内的流的改变 2)A trap是软件产生的“中断”。 3)interrupt可以被I/O用来产生完成的信号，从而避免CPU对设备的轮询 4)A trap可以用来调用OS的例程或者捕获算术错误 2.5 Which of the following instructions should be privileged? a. Set value of timer. b. Read the clock. c. Clear memory. d. Turn off interrupts. e. Switch from user to monitor mode. a. Set value of timer.定时器的设定值 c. Clear memory.清除内存。 d. Turn off interrupts.关闭中断 e. Switch from user to monitor mode.从用户切换到监控模式 2.8 Protecting the operating system is crucial to ensuring that the computer system operates correctly. Provision of this protection is the reason behind dual-mode operation, memory protection, and the timer. To allow maximum flexibility, however, we would also like to place minimal constraints on the user. The following is a list of operations that are normally protected. What is the minimal set of instructions that must be protected? a. Change to user mode. b. Change to monitor mode. c. Read from monitor memory. d. Write into monitor memory. e. Fetch an instruction from monitor memory. f. Turn on timer interrupt. g. Turn off timer interrupt. Answer b. Change to monitor mode.切换到监控模式。 c. Read from monitor memory.阅读来自monitormemory。 d. Write into monitor memory.写入显示器内存。 g. Turn off timer interrupt.关闭定时器中断。 2.10 Writing an operating system that can