比较讲义(修改版).docVIP

10. not +比较级+ than / no +比较级+ than 比较级前加not，表示前者不如后者，与not as…as相当； 比较级前加no是对两者的否定，意为“和……一样不……”，与neither…nor…或“as+相反意义的形容词或副词+as”相当。如： He is not taller than me. 他不如我高。 He is no taller than me. 他同我一样不高。(即一样矮) His English is not better than mine. 他的英语不如我的英语好。 His English is no better than mine. 他的英语同我的英语一样不好。(即一样差) You are not more careful than he is. 你不如他仔细。 You are no more careful than he is. 你和他一样不仔细。(即一样粗心) 11. no more…than与not more…than 两者均可用于比较，前者表示对两者都否定，意为“同……一样不”(=neither ... nor)； 而后者则指两者虽都具有某种特征，但程度不同，意为“不如”、“不及”(= not so ... as)。如： He is no more a writer than a painter. 他不是画家，也不是作家。(= He is neither a painter nor a writer.) He’s no more able to read Spanish than I am. 他和我都读不懂西班牙语。(=Neither he nor I am not read Spanish.) This book is not more difficult than that one. 这本书不比那本书更难。(This book is not so difficult as that one.) 12. no more …than 与 no less…than前者意为“与…一样不”，否定两者；而后者则表示“和…一样”，肯定两者。如： She’s no more a great singer than I am. 他不是优秀歌手，我也不是。 Your brother is no less wise than you. 你的兄弟跟你一样聪明。 A whale is no more a fish than a horse is. 马不是鱼，鲸也不是鱼。 A dolphin is no less a clever animal than a dog is. 海豚与狗同样都是聪明的动物。 13. no more than与not more than表示数量时 两者均可表示数量，前者表示“仅仅”、“只不过”，强调少；而后者表示“不多于”、“至多”。（无强调） 如： This test takes no more than thirty minutes. 这个测验只需30分钟。 For thirty years, he had done no more than he had needed to. 30年来，他只干了他需要干的工作。 He has not more than three children. 他最多 3 个孩子(有或许还不到 3 个之意)。 14. no less than 与not less than表示数量 表示均可表示数量，前者意为“多达”、“有…之多”，强调多；后者表示“不下于”、“至少”。如： He paid no less than $10,000 for it. He paid not less than $10,000 for it. He walks no less than five miles to school. 他上学至少要走五英里。 He has no less than seven daughters. 他有七个女儿之多。 He has not less than seven daughters. 他至少有七个女儿。 有时两者都可译为“至少”，但no less than语气比not less than要夸张，表示所涉及的数量比预料的要多，其用法可比较其反义结构no more than（只不过，只有），用于强调少。 15. less / least +原级“less＋原级”表示降级的比较级；“least＋原级”表示降级的最高级。如： Would you mind speaking less quickly? 你可否讲得慢一点? The movie was less funny than the book. 电影没有书那么滑稽有趣。 T