电报之父(全英文).docVIP

Samuel?Finley?Breese?Morse?(27?April?1791 – 2?April?1872)?was?an?American?contributor?to?theinvention?of?a?single-wire?telegraph?system?based?on?European?telegraphs,?co-inventor?of?theMorse?code,?and?a?painter?of?historic?scenes. Telegraph In?1825,?the?city?of?New?York?commissioned?Morse?for?$1,000?to?paint?a?portrait?of?Gilbert?duMotier,?marquis?de?Lafayette,?in?Washington.?In?the?midst?of?painting,?a?horse?messenger?delivereda?letter?from?his?father?that?read?one?line, Your?dear?wife?is?convalescent.?Morse?immediately?leftWashington?for?his?home?at?New?Haven,?leaving?the?portrait?of?Lafayette?unfinished.?By?the?timehe?arrived?she?had?already?been?buried.?Heartbroken?in?the?knowledge?that?for?days?he?wasunaware?of?his?wifes?failing?health?and?her?lonely?death,?he?moved?on?from?painting?to?pursue?ameans?of?rapid?long?distance?communication. On?the?sea?voyage?home?in?1832,?Morse?encountered?Charles?Thomas?Jackson?of?Boston?whowas?well?schooled?in?electromagnetism.?Witnessing?various?experiments?with?Jacksonselectromagnet,?Morse?developed?the?concept?of?a?single-wire?telegraph,?and?The?Gallery?of?theLouvre?was?set?aside.?The?original?Morse?telegraph,?submitted?with?his?patent?application,?is?part?ofthe?collections?of?the?National?Museum?of?American?History?at?the?Smithsonian?Institution.?In?timethe?Morse?code?would?become?the?primary?language?of?telegraphy?in?the?world,?and?is?still?thestandard?for?rhythmic?transmission?of?data. William?Cooke?and?Professor?Charles?Wheatstone?learned?of?the?Wilhelm?Weber?and?Carl?Gau?electromagnetic?telegraph?in?1833,?and?reached?the?stage?of?launching?a?commercial?telegraphprior?to?Morse,?despite?starting?later.?In?England,?Cooke?became?fascinated?by?electrical?telegraph?in1836,?four?years?after?Morse,?but?with?greater?financial?resources.?Cooke?abandoned?his?primarysubject?of?anatomy?and?built?a?small?electrical?telegraph?within?three?weeks.?Wheatstone?also?wasexperimenting?with?telegraphy?and?(most?importantly)?understood?that?a?sin