高级英语视听说死亡诗社第三节.pptVIP

1.Simile[s?m?l?](明喻 )： It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic in common. To make the comparison, words like as, as...as, as if （though）and like are used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other. eg： “So are you to my thoughts as food to life” (Shakespeare). “你对我的思想就象食物对于生命一样重要” （莎士比亚） 2. Metaphor (暗喻 )： 缩写 met.， metaph. It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparision is implied rather than stated. 用一个词来指代与该词所指事物有相似特点的另外一个事物。eg： He has a heart of stone. 他有一颗铁石心肠。 4. Allegory (讽喻)譬喻或寓意:以形象的形式说明一些抽象的要领或深刻的道理,谚语是最常见的例子. eg: 　　Fish begins to stink at the head. 上梁不正下梁歪. 　 You can not eat your cake and have it. 两者不可兼得. 　　Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth. 良药苦口. 5 Personification (拟人 ) ：gives human form of feelings to animals, or life and personal attributes(赋予) to inanimate(无生命的) objects, or to ideas and abstractions(抽象).拟人，人格化：给无生命的东西或者抽象的东西赋予人的个性或绘以人的形象，把事物或者概念当作人或者具备人的品质的写法 eg： Hunger sat shivering on the road 饥饿站在路上颤抖 6. Synecdoche[s??nekd?ki](举隅，提喻 ) It is involves the substitution of the part for the whole, or the whole for the part. For instance, they say theres bread and work for all. She was dressed in silks. 以局部代表整体（如用手 代表 水手 ），以整体代表局部（如用 法律 代表 警官 ），以特殊代表一般（如用 直柄剃刀 代表 杀人者 ），以一般代表特殊（如用 贼 代表 扒手 ）eg： 　　He earns his bread by writing. 他靠写作挣钱谋生。 Euphemism [?ju:f?m?z?m] (委婉,婉言 ) Pun [p?n](双关 ) Irony [a?r?n?](反语 ) Hyperbole [ha??p?:b?li:](夸张) Synesthesia[?s?n?sθi:???]（通感） Oxymoron [??ks?m?:r?n] (矛盾修饰 ) * 11-3 Aubrey Chapter TOW Think for Yourself Dead Poets Society Words and Expressions meter 英[mi:t?(r)]美[mit?] 音步 rhyme 英[ra?m] 美[ra?m] 押韵 figure of speech 英[?fiɡ? ?v spi:t?] 美[?f?ɡj? ?v spit?] 修辞手段 excrement 英[ekskr?m?nt] 美[?kskr?m?nt] 排泄物 Words and Expressions begone 英[b?g?n]美[b?ɡ?n, -ɡɑn] （用于祈使句和不定式）走开 perforate 英[p?:f?re?t]美[p?:f??ret] 打孔 casualty 英[k??u?lti]美[k??u