Nuclear fission and fusion(聚变和裂变).pptVIP

Nuclear Fission and Fusion;Main Contents;Energy-mass equivalence; Energy-mass equivalence;How to calculate the mass deficit ?m=Zmp+(A-Z)mn-mx ?m: mass deficit Mp: mass of proton Mn: mass of neutron Mx: measure mass of nucleus ;Exercise 1 ;Nuclear binding energy ;Why mass deficit exists? A small amount of the mass of the nucleons is converted into the energy need to hold the nucleus together. This is called binding energy. Einstein’s mass-energy relationship: E=mc2 ?E=(?m)c2;Two systems of units are used for calculating binding energy. When using the mass deficit in kilogram (kg) and c=3.00 ×108ms-1, the binding energy will be given in joules (J). When using the mass deficit in atomic mass units (u), the binding energy will be given in mega-electronvolts (MeV). 1u=931.5MeV, 1eV=1.6022×10-19J ;Exercise 2;Binding energy per nucleon Definition: the energy would be needed to remove one nucleon from a nucleus. To work this out, we need to know the binding energy of a nucleus and the number of nucleons in it. For example, the binding energy per nucleon for carbon-12 is : 92.2/12 = 7.68Mev ;Graph of binding energy per nucleon against mass number A;Nuclear fusion;Nuclear fission;Application of nuclear fission and fusion ;Exercise 3;Summary;Objectives;宝蛆镑污傲狂哭萧芬晶技亮春焦脸回叔厂厩派宠用卢叮儒拇副焰雀绣切额Nuclear fission and fusion(聚变和裂变)Nuclear fission and fusion(聚变和裂变)