中考词形转换中词缀考法.doc

中考词形转换中词缀考法词形转换是近几年中考英语试卷中重点考查的项目之一。具体的题型有“用所给问的适当形式填空”等。该题型既要求考生具备扎实的单词拼写识记能力，更要求考生能够根据具体的语境、句型、前后搭配而灵活运用单词的各种变化形式。因此，这种题型仍将是今后几年中考的重点。而派生词(指一个词根加上前缀或后缀构成的单词)在词形变换中占相当的比重。笔者结合近几年江苏各地的中考试卷，对词缀考法(谓语动词的后缀形式除外)归纳如下： 1．副词后缀-ly 很多形容词都可通过加后缀-ly而转化为副词，用来修饰行为动词、形容词或副词。如：bad-badly careful-carefully real-really clear-clearly wide-widely quick-quicklysafe-safely polite-politely quiet-quietly usual-usually lucky-luckily heavy-heavilyhappy-happily easy-easily angry-angrily等都是考查的热点。考生在做这类词形转换时，最大的困难在于难以决定用形容词还是副词。如(1)She is looking______(happy)atherself in the mirror．(2)Its (real) cold today．这两题中，考生都会误以为是系表结构，而用形容词。事实上，两句中都应该用副词来分别修饰行为动词look和形容问co1d． 中考点击： 1．Be careful，or you wont work out the physics problem_______(easy)．(扬州，2005) 2．He is doing his homework as_____(care) as Beibei．(宿迁，2002) 3．English is______(wide)used in the world.(南京，2002) 4．How____(happy)they are watching the football match on TV！(淮安，2002) 2．序数词后缀-th／eth 基数词通过加后缀-th变为序数词(first second third特殊)，用来表示顺序。如：four-fourth five-fifth nine-ninth twelve-twelfth twenty-twentieth等。 中考点击： 5．I think the_____(four)lesson is the most difficult in the book．(南京，2003) 6．My mother has just had her___(fifty)birthday．(徐州，2004) 7．I live on the_______(five)floor in that tall building．(镇江，2004) 8．There are two dialogues in the_______(twelve)lesson．(徐州，2003) 3．名词后缀-er／or 某些动词加后缀-er／or用来表示该动作的执行者。如：farm-farmer play-Playersing-singer work-worker write-writer own-owner run-runner win-winner act-actorinvent-inventor visit-visitor等。命题时，考查这些词的复数形式更为常见，所以考生要特别小心。 中考点击： 9．At the end of first lap，all the____(run)were neck and neck．(无锡，2002) 10．He is showing some_____(visit)from Japan around our school．(南通，2002) 11．Who are the_____(write)of the dictionary?(徐州，2004) 12．Every child has a dream．My dream is to be a pop______(sing)．(淮安，2005) 4．比较等级后缀-er／est 形容词和副词的比较等级是初中阶段的语法重点。考生要熟记各种变化规则和不规则变化，同时要弄清比较的范围，确定比较级和最高级的取舍。 中考点击： 13．Bill got up_____(early)than his sister．(徐州，2002)