基于Sato模型的轮轨非线性稳定性与分岔研究 - 中国力学学会.DOC

基于Sato模型的轮轨非线性稳定性与分岔研究 高学军1,2,李映辉1,高庆1, 翟婉明3, 彭阳华4 (1.西南交通大学应用力学与工程系,四川 成都 610031;2.安徽建筑工业学院土木工程学院,安徽 合肥 230022) 3.西南交通大学列车与线路研究所,四川 成都 610031;4.西南交通大学外国语学院,四川 成都 610031) 摘要:O317 文献标识码: A Study of Wheel/Rail Nonlinear Stability and Bifurcation Based on Sato Model Gao Xue-jun1,2, Li Ying-Hui1 , Gao Qing1 , Zhai Wanming3 , Peng Yanghua4 (1.Department of Applied Mechanics and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China, 2.College of Civil Engineering, Anhui Institute of Architecture Industry, Hefei 230022, China, 3.Train Track Research Institute, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China, 4.College of Foreign Languages, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China) Abstract: Based on the Satos coupling dynamic model which dominates the vertical vibration of wheel/rail and on the assumption that the Hertz nonlinear contact force is adopted to simulate the wheel/rail interactions, the state equations of the wheel/rail coupling nonlinear dynamic model are derived. The self-adapted Runge-Kutta method is used to solve the state equations, and the change rule of overall displacements, velocities and accelerations of all parts which changed with the vehicle speed are investigated and the critical speed which describes the dynamic stability of vehicle-track system is obtained. The numerical results show that the method not only can obtain the critical speed, but also may have the overview of the vibration and instability of all parts. Key words: Sato model, bifurcation, stability, nonlinearity. 1 引言 高速铁路运输是交通运输中一个很重要的组成部分，如何提高机车车辆的三大指标：运动稳定性、运行平稳性、曲线通过性能，是研制高速机车车辆的关键，其中列车系统的稳定性直接影响列车允许的最高运行速度。高速列车则需要列车具有更高的失稳临界速度，列车系统失稳将影响到其运行平稳性和旅客的乘坐舒适性，甚至会引起脱轨安全事故。对于车辆非线性系统的稳定性和分叉的研究，国内外近年来也开展了些研究工作[1～4][5]，这些模型的一个共同特点是不管把车辆模型建得如何复杂，但把轨道结构简化成一个刚体或具有刚度和阻尼的支承面，同时把轨道上的不平顺作为激励输入该系统，以此来确定车辆的动态性能，选择振动参数及评价运动性能等。其中，日本学者Sato提出了用于车辆和轨道结构振动分析的半车模型(图1)，用此模型可分析车辆和轨道结构的振动和受力，国内外一些学者对其进行过研究，主要用在响应的计算方面，但在参数激励振动分岔、稳定性方面的分析则少见报道。 由于此模型自由度较少，且充分考虑了轮轨耦合非线性的