仪表等级飞行员理论培训stage2-113 ATC.ppt

IFR FLIGHT ENVIRONMENT Air Traffic Control System Air Traffic Control System Enroute Operations Air Route Traffic Control Centers (ARTCC) Terminal Operations Approach Control Departure Control Control Towers Ground Control Clearance Delivery ARTCC Provide air traffic control service to aircraft operating on IFR flight plans in controlled airspace. Central authority for issuing IFR clearances Provide nationwide monitoring of each IFR flight - enroute mostly ARTCC Priorities 1 Safe separation of known IFR traffic 2 Issuance of safety alerts 3 Workload permitting, separation of VFR aircraft Before you can operate in controlled airspace under IMC conditions, you MUST: file an IFR flight plan AND have received a clearance Plan to file your flight plan at least 30 minutes prior to departure Requesting Your Clearance Field has Control Tower Ground Control Clearance Delivery if appropriate Field only served by FSS FSS forwards it to you before you leave Uncontrolled Field Request FSS by telephone Will include a “clearance void time” Longevity of Flight Plans After one hour past planned departure time, most IFR flight plans are dropped from system Enroute Separation Techniques used to ensure adequate separation standards: route changes radar vectoring altitude crossing restrictions for navaids and intersections altitude changes speed adjustments Pilot Responsibilities When asked to reduce your speed, stay within +/- 10 knots of it. Know your regulations Know your currency status Know your airspace Know your aircraft requirements Separation is Good! Remember ATC’s first priority is separation of IFR traffic. When IFR in VMC: always use “see and avoid” if possible, ATC will separate you from VFR traffic Weather Information Lower priority than separation Keep in mind that workload, radar limitations frequency congestion may limit ATC’s ability to provide In-flight weather avoidance assistance. Center meteorologist uses a network of radar sites issues a center weather advis