传质分离的严格模拟计算.ppt

传 质 分 离 过 程 第五章 传质分离过程的严格模拟计算 主要内容及要求： 学习并掌握多组分多级分离过程的平衡级理论模型的建立及求解。 重点： 泡点法（BP法）、流率加和法（SR法）。 第五章 传质分离过程的严格模拟计算 5.1 平衡级的理论模型 5.2 三对角矩阵法 5.3 同时校正法 5.4 多组分分离非平衡模型 多组分精馏过程简捷计算 严格计算的必要性 简捷算法中引入的假设“恒摩尔流和相对挥发度为常数”，在高压及塔顶、塔釜温差很大的情况下，偏差太大。 严格计算的原则： 5.1 平衡级的理论模型 Assume that:(1) phase equilibrium is achieved at each stage 各级上达到相平衡(2) entrainment of liquid drops in vapor and occlusion of vapor bubbles in liquid are negligible 忽略雾沫夹带假定各级上达到相平衡且无化学反应。 将上述N个平衡级按逆流方式串联: 对操作型问题可以指定以下变量： 5.2 三对角线矩阵法Tridiagonal Matrix Algorithm 5.2.1 方程的解离方法及求解Equation-tearing Procedures 二、三对角线矩阵的托马斯法 配对收敛方法的特点：  将两个校验方程（S-eq.和H-eq.）与两个迭代变量分别配对。  根据不同的配对方案形成两种不同的算法:泡点法(BP法)和流率加和法(SR法)。 5.2.2 泡点法（BP法）Bubble-point Method 5.2.3 流率加和法Sum-Rates Method 1. Rigorous methods are readily available for computer-solution of equilibrium-based models for multicomponent, multistage absorption, stripping, distillation, and liquid-liquid extraction. 2. The equilibrium-based model for a countercurrent-flow cascade provides for multiple feeds, vapor side streams, liquid side streams, and intermediate heat exchangers. Thus, the model can handle almost any type of column configuration. 3. The model equations include component material balances, total material balances, phase equilibria relations, and energy balances. 4. Some or all of the model equations can usually be grouped so as to obtain tridiagonal matrix equations, for which an efficient solution algorithm is available. 5. Widely used methods for iteratively solving all of the model equations are the bubble-point (BP) method, the sum-rates (SR) method, the simultaneous correction (SC) method, and the inside-out method. 6. The BP method is generally restricted to distillation problems involving narrow-boiling feed mixtures. 7. The SR method is generally restricted to absorption and stripping problems involving wide-boiling feed mixtures or in the Isothermal Sum-Rates (ISR) form to extra