食品专业英语考点.docVIP

Nutrition(营养) These nutrients are categorized as fats, carbohydrates (sugar and starches),minerals, vitamins , and water. 这些营养物质分为脂肪、碳水化合物(糖和淀粉)、矿物质、维生素、和水。 They are called essential nutrients because we cannot get along without them. 他们被称为必需的营养物质,因为我们不能没有他们相处。 we need them for energy, for building and maintaining body tissue;and for regulating body processes the three essential functions of foods in body. 我们需要他们来提供能源,为建立和维护人体组织,用于调节生理过程的三个基本功能的食物在身体。 nutrition might be defined as the process whereby we obtain the essential nutrients and use them to make many other substances our bodies need, this process would include eating and digesting food and absorbing and using, or metabolizing, the nutrients it contains. 营养可能被定义为至过程,我们获得必需的营养物质,用它们来做许多其他物质身体的需要,这个过程包括饮食,食物的消化、吸收和利用,或代谢,营养含量。 We can obtain all of the essential nutrients from food. 我们能得到的所有的必需营养素的食物。 However, it is possible to obtain nourishment without eating and digesting food -if,for example, the nutrients are injected directly to our veins as in intravenous feeding. 然而,它可能获取营养和消化食物如果不吃东西,例如,养分静脉直接注射到我们在静脉吃食。 Protein(蛋白质) after a protein is eaten it is broken down by digestion into amino acids, which are then absorbed and used to make other proteins in the body. 蛋白质是吃后可分解成氨基酸被消化,然后吸收和用于制造其他蛋白质在身上。 Sometimes it is possible for the amino group of an amino acid to be transferred to another molecule by a process called transamination.. 有时它是可能的氨基基团氨基酸被转移到另外一个分子,这个过程称为转氨作用。 In this way the human body is able to make some amino acids for itself. 这样,人体能使一些氨基酸的目的。 These are known as dispensable or non-essential amino acids. 这些被称为可有可无或非必需氨基酸。 However, it is not able to do this for every amino acid so certain number must be supplied by the diet. 然而,它并不能够做到这一点,所以每个氨基酸必须提供若干饮食。 They are known as the indispensable (or essential) amino acids and for the human adult there are eight: leucine, isoleucine, valine, threonine, methionine, phenylalanine, tryptophan and lysine. 他们被称为必不可少的(或基本条件)的氨基酸和对人类成人有八:亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、缬氨酸、苏氨酸、蛋氨酸